Cryptographic ASIC with combined transformation and one-way functions
A transform-enabled integrated circuit is provided with a combined transformation/hashing block, such as for cryptographic proof-of-work systems. The transform-enabled integrated circuit embeds components for a transformation function among hashing function components within the cryptographic datapath of the transform-enabled integrated circuit. The combined transformation/hashing block may be configured after the manufacture of the integrated circuit to embody as circuitry any one of a plurality of mathematical transformation functions, thus enabling a user to systemically modify the cryptographic operations performed by the integrated circuit while retaining the high performance and efficiency characteristics of application specific integrated circuits. Embodiments modify the internal intermediate state variables of the hashing function to transform and hash an input message. Method and computer program product embodiments are also provided. The technology flexibly enables the deployment of application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) within blockchain systems, digital rights management, secure token, and other cryptography-related fields.
1. A cryptographic integrated circuit, comprising:
a combined transformation/hashing block comprising a set of electronic circuitry that is programmable after the manufacture of the integrated circuit to perform a transformation operation and a hashing operation on input data to produce and store output data; and
a programming circuit communicatively coupling the combined transformation/hashing block and a configuration interface; wherein the combined transformation/hashing block is configured to be programmed through the configuration interface based on a configuration key received from a user, and wherein the combined transformation/hashing block alters internal state variable values of the hashing operation according to the transformation operation.
2. The cryptographic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the transformation operation comprises at least one of a bit inversion and a bit transposition.
3. The cryptographic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the hashing operation comprises one of SHA-2, Keccak/SHA-3, Skein, Grøstl, and JH.
4. The cryptographic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the combined transformation/hashing block is configured as datapath circuitry capable of operating at the same speed as other datapath circuitry.
5. The cryptographic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the cryptographic integrated circuit is implemented in a cryptographic proof-of-work system comprising a blockchain system.
6. The cryptographic integrated circuit of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of combined transformation/hashing blocks connected in series.
7. The cryptographic integrated circuit of claim 1 , wherein the configuration key is embodied as circuitry into at least one independent cryptographic circuit of the cryptographic integrated circuit.
8. A cryptographic method, comprising:
receiving a configuration key from a user;
programming a transformation function, based on the configuration key;
performing a hashing operation on input data including altering internal state variable values of the hashing operation based on the programmed transformation function; and
outputting the result of the transform-enabled hashing operation.
9. The cryptographic method of claim 8 , wherein the altering comprises at least one of a bit inversion and a bit transposition.
10. The cryptographic method of claim 8 , wherein the hashing operation comprises one of SHA-2, Keccak/SHA-3, Skein, Grøstl, and JH.
11. The cryptographic method of claim 8 , wherein the method is a cryptographic proof-of-work method comprising a blockchain method.
12. The cryptographic method of claim 8 , further comprising executing the method a plurality of times in a sequence.
13. The cryptographic method of claim 8 , further comprising executing the method in parallel for a number of input data sets.
14. The cryptographic method of claim 8 , further comprising using a separate configuration key for each execution of the method.
15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having embedded therein a set of instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a computer, causes the computer to execute cryptographic operations comprising:
receiving a configuration key from a user;
programming a transformation function, based on the configuration key;
performing a hashing operation on input data including altering internal state variable values of the hashing operation based on the programmed transformation function; and
outputting the result of the transform-enabled hashing operation.
16. The medium of claim 15 , wherein the altering comprises at least one of a bit inversion and a bit transposition.
17. The medium of claim 15 , wherein the cryptographic operations implement a cryptographic proof-of-work method comprising a blockchain method.
18. The medium of claim 15 , further comprising instructions for executing the cryptographic operations a plurality of times in a sequence.
19. The medium of claim 15 , further comprising instructions for executing the cryptographic operations in parallel for a number of input data sets.
20. The medium of claim 15 , further comprising instructions for using a separate configuration key for each execution of the cryptographic operations.