Differential geared amplification of auxiliary power unit
A disclosed drive assembly for an auxiliary power unit includes a first drive shaft driven by an auxiliary power unit, a second drive shaft driven by a first electric motor, a differential gear system including a ring gear driven by the second drive shaft, a and planet gears supported within a carrier attached to the ring gear. The first drive shaft and an output shaft are coupled to the planet gears and a generator is driven by the output shaft. The electric motor and the auxiliary power unit combine to drive the output shaft.
1. An auxiliary power unit assembly for a gas turbine engine comprising:
an auxiliary power unit coupled to drive a first drive shaft, the auxiliary power unit including an APU compressor, an APU combustor and an APU turbine disposed along an APU rotational axis;
a first electric motor coupled to drive a second drive shaft;
a differential gear system including a ring gear driven by the second drive shaft, a carrier attached to the ring gear, wherein the carrier supports a plurality of planet gears and the plurality of planet gears are meshed with a first pinion gear coupled to the first drive shaft and a second pinion gear coupled to an output shaft;
a second clutch disposed on the second drive shaft configured to selectively decouple the second drive shaft from the differential gear system for preventing back driving of the first electric motor;
a generator driven by the output shaft, wherein the electric motor and the auxiliary power unit combine to drive the output shaft; and
a controller configured to control operation of the first electric motor, the auxiliary power unit and the generator,
where the controller is configured to 1) determine an increase in a demand for power on the generator, 2) increase a speed of the electric motor to increase a power output from the generator to meet the demand while maintaining the APU at a constant speed and 3) determine the demand for power is beyond what can be provided by only adjusting the speed of the electric motor and in response increase the speed of the APU to increase the power output from the generator to meet the demand for power.
2. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 1 , wherein the generator is configured to provide electric power to a second electric motor coupled to a spool of the gas turbine engine.
3. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 1 , wherein the APU compressor and APU turbine are coupled to the first drive shaft.
4. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 3 , wherein the first drive shaft and APU compressor are disposed along the APU rotational axis.
5. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 3 , wherein the first drive shaft and the APU turbine are disposed along the APU rotational axis.
6. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 4 , wherein the second drive shaft is disposed along an axis transverse to the APU rotational axis.
7. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 1 , wherein the output shaft is coupled to drive an auxiliary compressor.
8. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 7 , wherein the auxiliary compressor is in communication with a turbine section of the gas turbine engine.
9. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 7 , wherein the auxiliary compressor is in communication with an environmental control system of an aircraft.
10. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 1 , further including a first clutch provided on the first drive shaft configured to selectively decouple the first drive shaft from the differential gear system for preventing back driving of the auxiliary power unit.
11. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 10 , wherein the first clutch and the second clutch are configured to automatically decouple the corresponding one of the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft from the differential gear system without input from the controller.
12. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to provide a desired bleed airflow from an auxiliary compressor by adjusting a speed of the second drive shaft.
13. The auxiliary power unit assembly as recited in claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to control the first electric motor to drive the differential gear system through the second drive shaft when the auxiliary power unit is not rotating the first drive shaft.