Multi-material rotor for attritable engines
An assembly for use in an attritable engine includes a hub and a blade. The hub is configured to rotate about a centerline axis passing through a center of the hub and is formed with a first type of layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process. The blade is connected to and extends radially outward from the hub. The blade is formed with a second type of layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process that is different than the first layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process. The hub and the blade are integrally formed together as a single piece of material with a layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process. The blade includes a root of a first material, a platform connected to the root, an airfoil connected to and extending from the platform, and a tip connected on a distal end of the airfoil opposite from the root. The platform includes a material that is different from the first.
1. A method of forming a blade, the method comprising:
creating a three-dimensional model of the blade;
creating, with a finite element analysis tool, a stress profile of the blade;
combining the stress profile with the three-dimensional model of the blade;
assigning different material compositions and different layer-by-layer additive manufacturing processes to different regions of the blade based upon the stress profile;
forming the blade, wherein forming the blade comprises:
forming a root of the blade with a first material composition and with a first layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process;
forming a platform connected to the root;
forming an airfoil connected to the platform, wherein the airfoil is formed with a second material composition and with a second layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process that is different from the first layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process; and
forming a tip connected to the airfoil, wherein the tip is formed with a third layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process that is different from the second layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
identifying, with the stress profile, a first region of the airfoil subject to at least one of high stress or high temperature;
identifying, with the stress profile, a second region of the airfoil subject to at least one of low stress or low temperature;
determining, based on the stress profile, a first material composition with which to form the first region of the airfoil;
determining, based on the stress profile, a second material composition with which to form the second region of the airfoil; and
forming, with layer-by-layer additive manufacturing, the first region of the airfoil with the first material composition and the second region of the airfoil with the second material composition.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
determining, from the stress profile, a size, a shape, and a location of the first region of the airfoil; and
determining, from the stress profile, a size, a shape, and a location of the second region of the airfoil.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first, second, or third layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process comprises at least one of electron-beam melting, laser powder bed fusion, cold spray, and directed energy deposition.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein creating the stress profile of the blade comprises:
applying operating conditions to the three-dimensional model of the blade;
processing, with a finite element solver, the three-dimensional model of the blade with the applied operating conditions; and
determining the stress profile of the blade based on an output of the finite element solver.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
forming, with a fourth additive manufacturing process, a rotor hub before forming the blade; and
wherein forming the airfoil further comprises:
forming, with the first layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process, the airfoil to the hub such that the hub and the airfoil are a single piece of material.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:
scanning, with a three dimensional optical scanning tool, the rotor hub;
determining, from a three dimensional scan of the rotor hub, measurements of the rotor hub;
creating a three dimensional model of the rotor hub; and
generating a tool path for the fourth additive manufacturing process based on the three dimensional model of the rotor hub.
8. An assembly comprising:
a blade and a rotor hub formed according to the method of claim 1 , wherein the formation of the rotor hub further comprises the method of claim 6 .
9. A component comprising a blade formed according to the method of claim 1 .