Nanowire characterization and identification

1. A method comprising:

determining a magnetic field transmission characteristic corresponding to each type of magnetic nanowire (MNW) of a plurality of types of MNWs;

determining a ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) characteristic of each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs, wherein each type of MNW has an FMR characteristic that differs from an FMR characteristic of each other type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs;

identifying each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs based on the corresponding magnetic field transmission characteristic and the corresponding FMR characteristic; and

associating each type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs with a corresponding object of a plurality of objects, wherein each object differs from at least one other object of the plurality of objects.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition of each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs comprises at least one of cobalt, iron, nickel, copper, or gold.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one type of MNW of the plurality of MNW comprises a plurality of segments, wherein a first segment of the plurality of segments comprises a first material being ferromagnetic and a second segment of the plurality of segments comprises a second material different from the first material.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the first segment and the second segment are adjacent to one another.

5. The method of claim 3 , wherein at least two segments of the plurality of segments have different dimensions.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the FMR characteristic of each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs comprises, for each type of MNW:

applying a magnetic field to the type of MNW;

directing a first radio frequency signal to the type of MNW while the type of MNW is subject to the magnetic field;

detecting a second radio frequency signal resulting from the first radio frequency signal passing by the type of MNW, wherein a difference between the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal corresponds to a radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW;

identifying at least one of a strength of the magnetic field or a frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies a threshold absorption value that corresponds to FMR of the type of MNW; and

determining the FMR characteristic of the type of MNW as being the at least one of the strength of the magnetic field or the frequency of the first radio frequency signal that corresponds to the FMR of the type of MNW.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the strength of the magnetic field or the frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies the threshold absorption value is a first strength of the magnetic field or a first frequency of the first radio frequency signal, the method further comprising:

identifying at least one of a second strength of the magnetic field or a second frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies the threshold absorption value; and

determining the FMR characteristic of the type of MNW as further being the at least one of the second strength of the magnetic field or the second frequency of the first radio frequency signal that corresponds to the FMR of the type of MNW.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

manufacturing the plurality of types of MNWs, wherein at least one of a composition or a dimension of each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs differs from at least one of a composition or a dimension of each other type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of a composition or a dimension of each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs differs from at least one of a composition or a dimension of each other type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein an object of the plurality of objects comprises one of an article of manufacture or a chemical composition, and wherein associating a type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs with the object comprises incorporating the type of MNW into a material of the one of the article of manufacture or the chemical composition or attaching the type of MNW to the one of the article of manufacture or the chemical composition.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein an object of the plurality of objects comprises an organism, and wherein associating a type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs with the object comprises introducing the type of MNW into the organism or attaching the type of MNW to the organism.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs comprises a core of a ferromagnetic material and a biocompatible coating disposed at least partially external from the core.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs further comprises a biologically-active compound attached to an outer surface of the biocompatible coating, and wherein the biologically-active compound is configured to biochemically interact with a selected cell type within the organism.

14. A system comprising:

a memory; and

processing circuitry configured to:

receive, from a remote computer, data representative of a magnetic field transmission characteristic corresponding to each type of magnetic nanowire (MNW) of a plurality of types of MNWs;

receive, from the remote computer, data representative of a ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) characteristic of each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs, wherein each type of MNW has an FMR characteristic that differs from an FMR characteristic of each other type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs;

identify each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs based on the corresponding magnetic field transmission characteristic and the corresponding FMR characteristic; and

associate, in the memory, each type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs with a corresponding object of a plurality of objects, wherein each object differs from at least one other object of the plurality of objects.

15. The system of claim 14 , further comprising:

an electromagnet configured to, for each type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs, apply a magnetic field to the type of MNW; and

a vector network analyzer (VNA) configured to, for each type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs, direct a first radio frequency signal to the type of MNW while the type of MNW is subject to the magnetic field,

wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the FMR characteristic of each type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs by at least, for each type of MNW:

receiving, from the remote computer, data representative of a second radio frequency signal resulting from the first radio frequency signal passing by the type of MNW, wherein a difference between the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal corresponds to a radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW;

identifying at least one of a strength of the magnetic field or a frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies a threshold absorption value that corresponds to FMR of the type of MNW; and

determining the FMR characteristic of the type of MNW as being the at least one of the strength of the magnetic field or the frequency of the first radio frequency signal that corresponds to the FMR of the type of MNW.

16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the strength of the magnetic field or the frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies the threshold absorption value is a first strength of the magnetic field or a first frequency of the first radio frequency signal, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:

identify at least one of a second strength of the magnetic field or a second frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies the threshold absorption value; and

determine the FMR characteristic of the type of MNW as further being the at least one of the second strength of the magnetic field or the second frequency of the first radio frequency signal that corresponds to the FMR of the type of MNW.

17. The system of claim 14 , wherein an object of the plurality of objects comprises one of an article of manufacture, a chemical composition, or an organism, and wherein a type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs corresponds to the one of the article of manufacture, the chemical composition, or the organism by at least being incorporated into a material of the one of the article of manufacture, the chemical composition, or the organism, being attached to the one of the article of manufacture, the chemical composition, or the organism, or by being introduced into the one of the article of manufacture, the chemical composition, or the organism.

18. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to:

receive, from a remote computer, data representative of a magnetic field transmission characteristic corresponding to each type of magnetic nanowire (MNW) of a plurality of types of MNWs;

receive, from the remote computer, data representative of a ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) characteristic of each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs, wherein each type of MNW has an FMR characteristic that differs from an FMR characteristic of each other type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs;

identify each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs based on the corresponding magnetic field transmission characteristic and the corresponding FMR characteristic; and

associate, in a memory, each type of MNW of the plurality of MNWs with a corresponding object of a plurality of objects, wherein each object differs from at least one other object of the plurality of objects.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 18 , wherein the instructions, when executed by processing circuitry, further cause the processing circuitry to, for each type of MNW of the plurality of types of MNWs:

receive, from the remote computer, data representative of a magnetic field applied to the type of MNW;

receive, from the remote computer, data representative of a first radio frequency signal directed to the type of MNW while the type of MNW is subject to the magnetic field;

receive, from the remote computer, data representative of a second radio frequency signal resulting from the first radio frequency signal passing by the type of MNW, wherein a difference between the first radio frequency signal and the second radio frequency signal corresponds to a radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW;

identify at least one of a strength of the magnetic field or a frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies a threshold absorption value that corresponds to FMR of the type of MNW; and

determine the FMR characteristic of the type of MNW as being the at least one of the strength of the magnetic field or the frequency of the first radio frequency signal that corresponds to the FMR of the type of MNW.

20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 19 , wherein the strength of the magnetic field or the frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies the threshold absorption value is a first strength of the magnetic field or a first frequency of the first radio frequency signal, and wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:

identify at least one of a second strength of the magnetic field or a second frequency of the first radio frequency signal at which the radio frequency absorption of the type of MNW satisfies the threshold absorption value; and

determine the FMR characteristic of the type of MNW as further being the at least one of the second strength of the magnetic field or the second frequency of the first radio frequency signal that corresponds to the FMR of the type of MNW.