Carbon nanotube product manufacturing system and method of manufacture thereof
A method of manufacturing a carbon nanotube product comprising: blending an unaligned carbon nanotube material with solid solvent particles; activating a nanotube solvent by liquefying the solid solvent particles; producing a nanotube dope solution by mixing the nanotube solvent and the unaligned carbon nanotube material; forming a carbon nanotube proto-product by extruding the nanotube dope solution; and forming an aligned carbon nanotube product by solidifying the carbon nanotube proto-product.
1. A method of manufacturing a carbon nanotube product, the method comprising:
blending an unaligned carbon nanotube material comprising carbon nanotube molecules with solid solvent particles;
activating a nanotube solvent by liquefying the solid solvent particles;
producing a nanotube dope solution by mixing the nanotube solvent and the unaligned carbon nanotube material;
forming a carbon nanotube proto-product by extruding the nanotube dope solution, thereby imparting alignment to carbon nanotube molecules of the carbon nanotube proto-product; and
forming an aligned carbon nanotube product by solidifying the carbon nanotube proto-product by:
exposing the carbon nanotube proto-product to an infrared radiation source at a wavelength selected in the range of 1 μm to 130 μm to reduce absorption of the radiation by the nanotube solvent relative to absorption of the radiation by carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube proto-product, and
exposing the carbon nanotube proto-product to a chemical coagulant, wherein the chemical coagulant is a solvent for the nanotube solvent and a non-solvent for the carbon nanotube proto-product.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the carbon nanotube proto-product includes extruding the nanotube dope solution as a nanotube filament.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the carbon nanotube proto-product includes extruding the nanotube dope solution as a nanotube film.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cryogenically freezing the nanotube solvent to form the solid solvent particles prior to blending with the unaligned carbon nanotube material.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein activating the nanotube solvent includes heating the solid solvent particles.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanotube solvent is chlorosulfonic acid.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to extruding the nanotube dope solution, adding an additional amount of the nanotube solvent in a liquid state to the nanotube dope solution.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing an amount of the nanotube solvent from the nanotube dope solution through evaporation under co-flow with gaseous hydrochloric acid to prevent degradation of the nanotube solvent.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein producing the nanotube dope solution includes producing the nanotube dope solution at a concentration between 2% and 20% by weight of the unaligned carbon nanotube material.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising fractionating the nanotube dope solution to remove carbon nanotube molecules of the lowest aspect ratio from the nanotube dope solution.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising drawing the carbon nanotube proto-product to impart further alignment of carbon nanotube molecules in the carbon nanotube proto-product.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising thermally annealing the aligned carbon nanotube product to remove an amount of the chemical coagulant from the aligned carbon nanotube product.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising doping the aligned carbon nanotube product.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising coating the surface of the aligned carbon nanotube product.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising integrating the aligned carbon nanotube product with additional instances of the aligned carbon nanotube product, other materials, or a combination thereof, to produce an integrated structure selected from yarns, threads, woven fabrics, laminated films, tape, foam, composite pre-impregnated materials, and discrete length chopped fiber material.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising integrating the aligned carbon nanotube product with additional instances of the aligned carbon nanotube product, other materials, or a combination thereof, to produce a component select from wire antennas, patch antennas, coil transformers, and coaxial cables.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the infrared radiation is pulsed.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the aligned carbon nanotube product includes, prior to exposing the carbon nanotube-proto-product to the infrared radiation source, an initial alignment step imposing further alignment on carbon nanotube molecules of the carbon nanotube-proto-product.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein forming the aligned carbon nanotube product includes, after exposing the carbon nanotube-proto-product to the infrared radiation source, an intermediate alignment step imposing further alignment on carbon nanotube molecules of the carbon nanotube-proto-product in a partially solidified state.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein exposing the carbon nanotube proto-product to a chemical coagulant includes exposing the carbon nanotube proto-product to a continuously renewed fluid film comprising the chemical coagulant.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the aligned carbon nanotube product includes, after exposing the carbon nanotube-proto-product to the infrared radiation source and the chemical coagulant, a solid state alignment step imposing further alignment on carbon nanotube molecules of the carbon nanotube-proto-product.