Battery separator membrane and battery employing same
A battery comprises a separator membrane comprising an ion-conducting polymeric composition comprising a copolymer of R a -R s and R b . R a and R b are each selected from the group consisting of linear alkyls, branched alkyls, cyclic alkyls, heteroalkyls, aryls, heteroaryls, alkylaryls, and heteroalkylaryls. R s is a positively charged amine group or a positively charged phosphene group. The copolymer comprises at least 3% of each R a and R b by weight. R a and R b are different chemical constituents, and R a -R s is not vinylpyridine.
1. A battery comprising a separator membrane, the separator membrane comprising an ion-conducting polymeric composition comprising a copolymer of R a -R s and R b , wherein:
(a) R a is a vinylbenzyl group;
(b) R b is substituted ethene having the structural formula:
where R 1 -R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, linear alkyls, branched alkyls, cyclic alkyls, heteroalkyls, aryls, heteroaryls, alkylaryls, and heteroalkylaryls;
(c) R s is a positively charged amine group or a positively charged phosphene group;
(d) the copolymer comprises at least 3% of R a by weight;
(e) the copolymer comprises at least 3% of R b by weight;
(f) R a and R b are different chemical constituents; and
(g) R a -R s is not vinylpyridine.
2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer comprises between 5% and 90% of R a by weight.
3. The battery of claim 2 , wherein the copolymer comprises between 10% and 50% of R a by weight.
4. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer comprises between 5% and 90% of R b by weight.
5. The battery of claim 4 , wherein the copolymer comprises between 40% and 90% of R b by weight.
6. The battery of claim 1 , wherein R s is selected from the group consisting of ammoniums, imidazoliums, pyridiniums, pyrazoliums, pyrrolidiniums, pyrroliums, pyrimidiums, piperidiniums, indoliums, and triaziniums.
7. The battery of claim 6 , wherein R s is an imidazolium.
8. The battery of claim 7 , wherein said imidazolium is tetramethylimidazolium.
9. The battery of claim 6 , wherein R s is a pyridinium.
10. The battery of claim 9 , wherein said pyridinium is an alkylpyridinium.
11. The battery of claim 6 , wherein said R s is an alkylammonium.
12. The battery of claim 1 , wherein said polymer has a molecular weight between 1,000 and 10,000,000 atomic units (A.U.).
13. The battery of claim 12 , wherein said copolymer has a molecular weight between 10,000 and 1,000,000 A.U.
14. The battery of claim 13 , wherein said copolymer has a molecular weight between 25,000 and 250,000 A.U.
15. The battery of claim 1 , wherein said ion-conducting polymeric composition comprises at least a portion of said separator membrane.
16. The battery of claim 15 , wherein said battery separator membrane has a thickness between 10 and 300 micrometers.
17. The battery of claim 1 , wherein said separator membrane comprises a positively charged cyclic amine surfactant having the formula:
R 18 -R 19 -R 20 -R 21 -R 22 ,
where:
R 19 and R 21 are bifunctional groups comprising positively charged amines;
R 20 is a bifunctional group selected from linear alkyls, branched alkyls, cyclic alkyls, heteroalkyls, aryls, heteroaryls, alkylaryls, and heteroalkylaryls, having at most 20 carbon atoms; and
R 18 and R 22 are each a monofunctional group independently selected from the group consisting of linear alkyls, branched alkyls, cyclic alkyls, heteroalkyls, aryls, heteroaryls, alkylaryls, and heteroalkylaryls, wherein each of R 18 and R 22 contains an unreacted double bond.
18. The battery of claim 17 , wherein R 19 and R 21 are positively charged cyclic amines.
19. The battery of claim 18 , wherein the separator membrane comprises a porous support.