High performance silicon based coatings
Provided herein is a method of coating a surface. A silicon-based coating composition is coated onto a surface. The composition comprises 5% to 80% polysilazane, 20% to 60% polysiloxane, and polysilane of a formula (R 1 R 2 Si) n , wherein n is greater than 1, and wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, or alkylsilyl, which polysilane has a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000, and optionally organic solvent. The coating is cured ambiently to provide a non-ceramic clear coating having a thickness ranging between 0.1 mil and 1.5 mil, a hardness ranging between 2H and 9H in accordance with ASTM 3363 for film hardness by pencil test, and a kinetic coefficient of friction between 0.03 and 0.04. Also provided are silicon-based coating compositions and cured coatings from those compositions using the provided method.
1. A method of coating a surface, which method comprises:
a. coating onto a surface a silicon-based coating composition comprising:
about 5% (w/w of the total composition) to about 80% (w/w of the total composition) polysilazane;
about 20% (w/w of the total composition) to about 60% (w/w of the total composition) polysiloxane; and
polysilane comprising a formula (R 1 R 2 Si) n , wherein n is greater than 1, and wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, or alkylsilyl, which polysilane has a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000; and
b. curing the coating ambiently to provide a non-ceramic clear coating;
wherein the cured coating has a thickness ranging between 0.1 mil and 1.5 mil, a hardness ranging between 2H and 9H in accordance with ASTM 3363 for film hardness by pencil test, and a kinetic coefficient of friction between 0.03 and 0.04.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating step comprises wiping the coating composition onto the surface as a uniform wet film.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the curing step occurs for at least 15 minutes at room temperature.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pre-conditioning the surface to be a clean surface before the coating step.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface is porous and comprises a material chosen from an epoxy resin, a composite material, and mixtures thereof.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the surface comprises an epoxy resin which comprises an amine hardener.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silicon-based coating composition comprises 15% (w/w of the total composition) to 20% (w/w of the total composition) polysilazane.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polysilazane has the formula (CH 3 ) 3 Si—NH—[(CH 3 ) 2 Si—NH] n —Si(CH 3 ) 3 , wherein n is greater than 1.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silicon-based coating composition comprises 25% (w/w of the total composition) to 30% (w/w of the total composition) polysiloxane.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polysiloxane comprising the formula [SiOR 1 R 2 ] n , wherein n is greater than 1, and each R 1 and R 2 is methyl.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silicon-based coating composition comprises about 1% polysilane.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polysilane comprises the formula [R 1 R 2 Si—R 1 R 2 Si] n , wherein n is greater than 1, and each R 1 and R 2 is methyl.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silicon-based coating composition further comprises 15% (w/w of the total composition) to 60% (w/w of the total composition) organic solvent.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the silicon-based coating composition further comprises 55% (w/w of the total composition) to 60% (w/w of the total composition) organic solvent.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the organic solvent is chosen from tert-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl acetate, aliphatic hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof.
16. The method of claim 1 , which method comprises:
a. coating a surface by wiping a silicon-based coating composition onto the surface as a uniform wet film, the silicon-based coating composition comprising:
about 15% (w/w of the total composition) to about 20% (w/w of the total composition) polysilazane having the formula (CH 3 ) 3 Si—NH—[(CH 3 ) 2 Si—NH] n —Si(CH 3 ) 3 , wherein n is greater than 1;
about 25% (w/w of the total composition) to about 30% (w/w of the total composition) polysiloxane comprising the formula [SiOR 1 R 2 ] n , wherein n is greater than 1, and each R 1 and R 2 is methyl;
polysilane comprising a formula (R 1 R 2 Si) n , wherein n is greater than 1, and wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, or alkylsilyl, which polysilane has a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000; and
about 55% (w/w of the total composition) to about 60% (w/w of the total composition) organic solvent chosen from tert-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl acetate, aliphatic hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof; and
b. curing the coating ambiently at room temperature for at least 15 minutes to provide a non-ceramic clear coating;
wherein the cured coating has a thickness ranging between 0.1 mil and 1.5 mil, a hardness ranging between 2H and 9H in accordance with ASTM 3363 for film hardness by pencil test, and a kinetic coefficient of friction between 0.03 and 0.04.
17. A silicon-based coating composition comprising:
about 5% (w/w of the total composition) to about 80% (w/w of the total composition) polysilazane;
about 20% (w/w of the total composition) to about 60% (w/w of the total composition) polysiloxane; and
polysilane comprising a formula (R 1 R 2 Si) n , wherein n is greater than 1, and wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, or alkylsilyl, which polysilane has a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000;
which composition after curing under ambient conditions forms a non-ceramic clear coating having a thickness ranging between 0.1 mil and 1.5 mil, a hardness ranging between 2H and 9H in accordance with ASTM 3363 for film hardness by pencil test, and a kinetic coefficient of friction between 0.03 and 0.04.
18. The composition of claim 17 , comprising 15% (w/w of the total composition) to 20% (w/w of the total composition) polysilazane.
19. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the polysilazane has the formula (CH 3 ) 3 Si—NH—[(CH 3 ) 2 Si—NH] n —Si(CH 3 ) 3 , wherein n is greater than 1.
20. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the silicon-based coating composition comprises 25% (w/w of the total composition) to 30% (w/w of the total composition) polysiloxane.
21. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the polysiloxane comprises the formula [SiOR 1 R 2 ] n , wherein n is greater than 1, and each R 1 and R 2 is methyl.
22. The composition of claim 17 , comprising about 1% polysilane.
23. The composition of claim 17 , wherein the polysilane comprises the formula [R 1 R 2 Si—R 1 R 2 Si] n , wherein n is greater than 1, and each R 1 and R 2 is methyl.
24. The composition of claim 17 , further comprising 15% (w/w of the total composition) to 60% (w/w of the total composition) organic solvent.
25. The composition of claim 24 , further comprising 55% (w/w of the total composition) to 60% organic solvent (w/w of the total composition).
26. The composition of claim 24 , wherein the organic solvent is chosen from tert-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl acetate, aliphatic hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof.
27. The composition of claim 17 , comprising
about 15% (w/w of the total composition) to about 20% (w/w of the total composition) polysilazane having the formula (CH 3 ) 3 Si—NH—[(CH 3 ) 2 Si—NH] n —Si(CH 3 ) 3 , wherein n is greater than 1;
about 25% (w/w of the total composition) to about 30% (w/w of the total composition) polysiloxane comprising the formula [SiOR 1 R 2 ] n , wherein n is greater than 1, and each R 1 and R 2 is methyl;
polysilane comprising a formula (R 1 R 2 Si) n , wherein n is greater than 1, and wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, or alkylsilyl, which polysilane has a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000; and
about 55% (w/w of the total composition) to about 60% organic solvent % (w/w of the total composition) chosen from tert-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl acetate, aliphatic hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof;
which composition after curing under ambient conditions forms a non-ceramic clear coating having has a thickness ranging between 0.1 mil and 1.5 mil, a hardness ranging between 2H and 9H in accordance with ASTM 3363 for film hardness by pencil test, and a kinetic coefficient of friction between 0.03 and 0.04.
28. A silicon-based coating formed from a silicon-based coating composition, comprising:
about 5% (w/w of the total composition) to about 80% (w/w of the total composition) polysilazane;
about 20% (w/w of the total composition) to about 60% (w/w of the total composition) polysiloxane; and
polysilane comprising a formula (R 1 R 2 Si) n , wherein n is greater than 1, and wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, or alkylsilyl, which polysilane has a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000;
which coating has a thickness ranging between 0.1 mil and 1.5 mil, a hardness ranging between 2H and 9H in accordance with ASTM 3363 for film hardness by pencil test, and a kinetic coefficient of friction between 0.03 and 0.04.
29. The coating of claim 28 , wherein the composition comprises
about 15% (w/w of the total composition) to about 20% (w/w of the total composition) polysilazane having the formula (CH 3 ) 3 Si—NH—[(CH 3 ) 2 Si—NH] n —Si(CH 3 ) 3 , wherein n is greater than 1;
about 25% (w/w of the total composition) to about 30% (w/w of the total composition) polysiloxane comprising the formula [SiOR 1 R 2 ] n , wherein n is greater than 1, and each R 1 and R 2 is methyl,
polysilane comprising a formula (R 1 R 2 Si) n , wherein n is greater than 1, and wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and are chosen from alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, or alkylsilyl, which polysilane has a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000; and
about 55% (w/w of the total composition) to about 60% organic solvent (w/w of the total composition) chosen from tert-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl acetate, aliphatic hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof;
which coating has a thickness ranging between 0.1 mil and 1.5 mil, a hardness ranging between 2H and 9H in accordance with ASTM 3363 for film hardness by pencil test, and a kinetic coefficient of friction between 0.03 and 0.04.