Oxygenated solvent and surfactant for heavy crude upgrade
An enhanced diluent (EDIL) composition used to prepare a transportable dense crude oil composition is disclosed. An EDIL composition contains a usually used dense crude hydrocarbon diluent (DIL) plus an additive (ADD) composition that permits the amount of EDIL used in the resulting diluted transportable dense crude (EDIL:DC) to be lessened by about 20 to about 60 percent, while maintaining the viscosity and other properties of the usually used DC:DIL composition. A contemplated ADD composition is a mixture of three components, a solvent mixture, a diol and a surfactant. A contemplated EDIL composition contains about 1 to about 20 percent by weight of the ADD composition. Admixture of EDIL with a dense crude at about 80 to about 40 percent by volume of the amount of DIL usually used provides an easily transportable enhanced dense crude composition. A method of preparing a transportable dense crude composition is also disclosed.
1. A dense crude viscosity-lowering enhanced diluent (EDIL) composition that comprises a dense crude diluent (DIL) that contains about 1 to about 20 percent by weight of an additive composition (ADD), said ADD composition comprising (A) a three-part solvent mixture that is admixed with each of (B) a diol and (C) a surfactant,
(A) said three-part solvent mixture comprising:
(1) about 15 to about 40 volume percent of a C 1 -C 4 ester of lactic acid (lactate),
(2) about 15 to about 40 volume percent of a C 2 -C 4 (monohydroxy)alcohol (alcohol), and
(3) about 30 to about 60 volume percent of a C 2 -C 4 hydrocarbyl ester of acetic acid (acetate),
(B) said diol comprising propylene glycol and present at about 5 to about 50 volume percent of the solvent mixture, and
(C) a surfactant (SURF) that is present at about 10 to about 50 weight percent of the weight of the solvent and diol together,
wherein said DIL and ADD are miscible, and said ADD is free of added water.
2. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 , wherein said lactate is present at about 20 to about 30 volume percent of said three-part solvent mixture.
3. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 , wherein said alcohol is present at about 20 to about 30 volume percent of said three-part solvent mixture.
4. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 , wherein said acetate is present at about 40 to about 50 volume percent of said three-part solvent mixture.
5. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 , wherein said diol is present at about 10 to about 40 volume percent of said three-part solvent mixture.
6. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 , wherein said SURF is present at about 20 to about 40 weight percent of said three-part solvent mixture plus diol together.
7. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 , wherein said SURF has an HLB of about 5 to about 11.
8. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 , wherein said SURF is selected from one or more of the group consisting of a linear or branched chain C 10 -C 18 alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and an alkali metal, alkaline earth or mono-, di-, tri or tetra-C 1 -C 4 alkyl ammonium salt thereof, polyoxyethylene (2) cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene (4) lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene (3) C 10 -C 12 alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene (5) nonylphenylether, sorbitan monopalmitate, ethylene glycol(20)-propylene glycol(70)-ethylene glycol(20) block copolymer, N—C 12 -C 18 alkyl-N-benzyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride and N—C 12 -C 18 alkyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-ethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride.
9. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 , wherein said ADD composition is present at about 2 to about 10 percent by weight.
10. The EDIL composition according to claim 1 that contains naphtha.
11. A transportable dense crude composition that comprises dense crude and a viscosity-lowering enhanced diluent (EDIL) composition of claim 1 , said EDIL composition being present at a concentration that is about 80 to about 40 percent of the volume required to provide a transportable viscosity to the dense crude when a DIL is used alone to provide a transportable viscosity.
12. The transportable dense crude composition according to claim 11 , wherein said dense crude is an extra heavy crude oil or bitumen having an API gravity of less than 10°.
13. The transportable dense crude composition according to claim 11 , wherein said dense crude is a heavy oil having an API gravity of 22° or less.
14. The transportable dense crude composition according to claim 11 , wherein naphtha is used as the diluent in said EDIL.
15. A method for preparing a transportable dense crude composition that comprises the steps of: admixing a dense crude with a viscosity lowering amount of an enhanced diluent (EDIL) composition of claim 1 , said EDIL volume being about 40 to about 80 percent the volume of diluent required to achieve a transportable viscosity to the dense crude if DIL were used as the sole diluent.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said EDIL contains about 2 to about 10 weight percent of said additive.
17. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said lactate is present at about 20 to about 30 volume percent of said three-part solvent mixture.
18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said alcohol is present at about 20 to about 30 volume percent of said three-part solvent mixture.
19. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said acetate is present at about 40 to about 50 volume percent of said three-part solvent mixture.
20. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said diol is present at about 10 to about 40 volume percent of said three-part solvent mixture.
21. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said SURF is present at about 20 to about 40 weight percent of said three-part solvent mixture plus diol together.
22. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said SURF has an HLB of about 5 to about 11.
23. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said SURF is selected from one or more of the group consisting of a linear or branched chain C 10 -C 18 alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and an alkali metal, alkaline earth or mono-, di-, tri or tetra-C 1 -C 4 alkyl ammonium salt thereof, polyoxyethylene (2) cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene (4) lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene (3) C 10 -C 12 alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene (5) nonylphenylether, sorbitan monopalmitate, ethylene glycol(20)-propylene glycol(70)-ethylene glycol(20) block copolymer, N—C 12 -C 18 alkyl-N-benzyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride and N—C 12 -C 18 alkyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-ethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride.