Fall detection devices, systems, and methods
Provided herein are systems and devices capable of detecting an event, such as the fall of a human. The devices may include a motion sensor, a heat sensor, and a vibration sensor. The devices and systems also may include an alarm and/or communication device configured to function when the event occurs.
1. A method for detecting an occurrence of a fall of a human, the method comprising:
providing a device comprising (i) a device body having a base configured for placement on a surface, (ii) a vibration sensor configured to detect vibrations of the surface, (iii) a motion sensor comprising a receiver configured to receive transmissions from one or more radio frequency transmitters, (iv) a heat sensor comprising a thermal camera, wherein the thermal camera comprises a plurality of pixels, and (v) a processing unit configured to (a) receive one or more signals from each of the motion sensor, the heat sensor, and the vibration sensor, and (b) determine an occurrence of an event based on the one or more signals received from the motion sensor, the heat sensor, and the vibration sensor, wherein the motion sensor, the heat sensor, the vibration sensor, and the processing unit are housed by the device body;
detecting a motion-to-stationary transition of the human with the motion sensor;
estimating a distance of the human from the heat sensor by determining a fraction of the plurality of pixels that detect a body temperature of the human;
determining whether the human is standing after the motion-to-stationary transition based on a signal from the heat sensor; and
declaring the occurrence of the fall if—
[1] (i) the human is not standing after the motion-to-stationary transition, and (ii) a signal from the vibration sensor is greater than a threshold value based on the distance of the human from the heat sensor; or
[2] (i) the signal from the heat sensor indicates that the human is standing after the motion-to-stationary transition, (ii) no movement is detected by the system for at least 10 seconds after the motion-to-stationary transition, and (iii) a signal from the vibration sensor is greater than a threshold value based on the distance of the human from the heat sensor.
2. A method for detecting an occurrence of a fall of a human, the method comprising:
providing a device comprising (i) a device body having a base configured for placement on a surface, (ii) a vibration sensor configured to detect vibrations of the surface, (iii) a motion sensor comprising a receiver configured to receive transmissions from one or more radio frequency transmitters, (iv) a heat sensor comprising a thermal camera, wherein the thermal camera comprises a plurality of pixels, and (v) a processing unit configured to (a) receive one or more signals from each of the motion sensor, the heat sensor, and the vibration sensor, and (b) determine an occurrence of an event based on the one or more signals received from the motion sensor, the heat sensor, and the vibration sensor, wherein the motion sensor, the heat sensor, the vibration sensor, and the processing unit are housed by the device body;
detecting a motion-to-stationary transition of the human with the motion sensor;
estimating a distance of the human from the heat sensor by comparing a first signal and a second signal received by the processing unit from the heat sensor before and after the motion-to-stationary transition, respectively;
determining whether the second signal indicates that the human is standing after the motion-to-stationary transition; and
declaring the occurrence of the fall if (i) the human is not standing after the motion-to-stationary transition, and (ii) a third signal from the vibration sensor is greater than a threshold value based on the distance of the human from the heat sensor.