Probiotic composition for enhancing an insects resistance to a pesticide
The present invention provides for a probiotic composition for enhancing a subject's, such as an insect's, resistance to a pesticide comprising: (a) a microorganism capable of expressing one or more enzymes for metabolizing the pesticide, and (b) at least one feed ingredient for a subject. The present invention also provides for a method for enhancing a subject's, such as an insect's, resistance to a pesticide comprising administering to a subject the probiotic composition.
1. A method for enhancing an insect's resistance to a pesticide comprising administering to an insect a probiotic composition comprising: (a) a microorganism capable of expressing one or more enzymes for metabolizing the pesticide, and (b) at least one feed ingredient for an insect.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pesticide is an herbicide.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the herbicide is atrazine.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganism is an Acetobacter species.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the Acetobacter species is Acetobacter tropicalis.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of the microorganism is about 1×10 3 CFU/g feed ingredient to about 1×10 10 CFU/g feed ingredient.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the feed ingredient is white sugar, raw sugar, brown sugar, molasses, and/or waste sugar.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition lacks salt and/or starch.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administering step comprises placing the composition in a device configured to attract the insect.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the device comprises a flower.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the device comprises a plant comprising the flower.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the flower is of one species selected from the group consisting of: American Basswood, Southern Magnolia , Sourwood, Redbud, Crabapple, Locust, Serviceberry, Tulip Tree, Catmint, Calendula, Bee balm, Sedum, Lavender, Borage, Foxglove, Crocus , Anise hyssop, Heliotrope, Pansy, Pussy willow, Siberian squill, Snowdrops, Peony, Milkweed, Phlox, Zinnia , Marigold, Goldenrod, Chive, Liatris, Mint, Sage, Nasturtium, Black-eyed Susans, Borage, Thyme, and Oregano.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the placing step comprises introducing the composition onto the flower, or into a region surrounded by the petals containing the stamen and carpel of the flower.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the introducing step comprising spraying the composition onto the flower or into the region of the flower.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the insect is a bee.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the bee is a honey bee.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the honey bee of the species Apis florea, Apis andreniformis, Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, Apis dorsata , or Apis koschenikovi.
18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of mixing a microorganism capable of expressing one or more enzymes for metabolizing the pesticide, and at least one feed ingredient for an insect to produce the composition.