System and method for managing backup of cryptographic keys
The claimed invention discloses a system for securing a cryptographic key, comprising multiple computerized nodes, each of them is configured to store a public key and a share of the cryptographic key and configured to encrypt the share of the cryptographic key stored in the computerized node and to generate a zero-knowledge proof using a set of predefined instructions. The system also comprises a processing module electrically coupled to the multiple computerized nodes, configured to transmit a request to each of the nodes for encrypted backup of each share and a zero-knowledge proof, said zero-knowledge proof enables the processing module to verify that the encrypted backup share is valid without revealing the encrypted backup. The processing module then receives the encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key from the multiple computerized nodes and computes a predefined equation to validate correctness of each of the encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key.
1. A system for securing a cryptographic key, comprising:
multiple computerized nodes, each of the multiple computerized nodes is configured to store a public key and a share of the cryptographic key, none of the multiple computerized nodes has access to a share of the cryptographic key stored in another computerized node, each of the multiple computerized nodes is configured to encrypt the share of the cryptographic key stored in the computerized node and to generate a zero-knowledge proof using a set of predefined instructions, wherein the zero-knowledge proof is non-interactive;
a processing module electrically coupled to the multiple computerized nodes, configured to execute the following instructions:
transmitting a request to each node of the multiple computerized nodes for encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key and the zero-knowledge proof, said zero-knowledge proof enables the processing module to verify that the encrypted backup share is valid without revealing the encrypted backup;
receiving the encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key and the zero-knowledge proof from the multiple computerized nodes;
upon computing a predefined equation to validate correctness of each of the encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key based on the zero-knowledge proof received from the multiple computerized nodes, storing the encrypted shares of the cryptographic keys.
2. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising the zero-knowledge proof is interactive and the instructions are carried out by at least one node of the multiple computerized nodes.
3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the processing module comprises a storage module configured to store multiple equations, and wherein the processing module selects the equation according to the value representing the zero-knowledge proof as received from each node of the multiple computerized nodes.
4. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the zero-knowledge proof value is selected using a cryptographic function.
5. The system according to claim 4 , wherein the cryptographic function is a hash function.
6. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the processing module obtains a result of a computation of an irreversible function receiving the key share as input.
7. The system according to claim 6 , wherein the irreversible function is an elliptical curve having an order known to the processing module.
8. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the processing module is further configured to store the encrypted cryptographic key shares if all the multiple computerized nodes sent correct values.
9. The system according to claim 8 , wherein the processing module further comprises a communication module configured to reconstruct the cryptographic key given the encrypted cryptographic key shares and transmit it to a party that requested the cryptographic key.
10. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the processing module transmits multiple requests to each node of the multiple computerized nodes, until a number of requests meet a predefined criteria.
11. The system according to claim 1 , wherein at least one node of the multiple computerized nodes receives a single request from the processing module and generates the zero-knowledge proof comprising multiple values to be computed by the processing module.
12. A method, comprising:
receiving a request to use a cryptographic key, said cryptographic key is divided to shares stored in multiple computerized nodes communicating with a processing module;
the processing module transmitting a request to each node of the multiple computerized nodes for encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key and a zero-knowledge proof, said zero-knowledge proof enables the processing module to verify that the encrypted backup share is valid without revealing the encrypted backup;
wherein the zero-knowledge proof is non-interactive;
the processing module receiving the encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key and the zero-knowledge proof from one of the multiple computerized nodes;
the processing module upon computing a predefined equation to validate correctness of each of the encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key based on the zero-knowledge proof received from the multiple computerized nodes, storing the encrypted shares of the cryptographic keys.
13. The method of claim 12 , further comprises storing the encrypted cryptographic key shares received from the multiple computerized nodes upon validating correctness of each of the encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key received from the multiple computerized nodes.
14. The method of claim 12 , further comprises reconstructing the encrypted cryptographic key using the encrypted key shares received from the multiple computerized nodes and the cold backup private key, after validating correctness of each of the encrypted backup of each share of the cryptographic key received from the multiple computerized nodes.