Exosome transfer of nucleic acids to cells
Methods for introducing nucleic acids to cells via exosomes for use in gene modulation and therapy, such as for gene silencing and to introduce genetic material into cells to compensate for abnormal genes or to induce or repress a process in the recipient cell.
1. A composition comprising exosomes, wherein the exosomes comprise one or more non-autologous nucleic acid constructs selected from mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, siRNA, microRNA, regulating RNA, non-coding and coding RNA, DNA fragments, or DNA plasmids, and wherein the exosomes are produced from a donor cell that has been genetically modified, such that one or more genes that are naturally expressed in the donor cell has been disrupted or mutated.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the donor cell expresses the one or more non-autologous nucleic acid constructs or has been transfected with the one or more non-autologous nucleic acid constructs.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the donor cell is from a person with a particular disease or condition.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more non-autologous nucleic acid constructs are introduced directly into the exosomes.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the exosomes are produced from in vitro growing cells.
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the exosomes are isolated from cell culture supernatant.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the exosomes isolated from the genetically modified donor cell do not comprise the one or more genes that have been disrupted or mutated.
8. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the donor cell has been further genetically modified, such that the expression of the non-autologous nucleic acid constructs is upregulated in the donor cell.
9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the exosomes isolated from the further genetically modified donor cell comprise greater amount of the non-autologous nucleic acid construct, compared to exosomes isolated from a donor cell that has not been further genetically modified.
10. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the one or more non-autologous nucleic acid constructs are introduced into the exosomes by transformation or transfection.
11. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the one or more non-autologous nucleic acid constructs are introduced into the exosomes by microinjection.
12. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the one or more non-autologous nucleic acid constructs are introduced into the exosomes by electroporation.
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the exosomes further comprise a membrane bound protein.
14. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the membrane bound protein comprises CD63, CD54, CD43, and/or WIC class I.
15. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-autologous nucleic acid constructs are sense or antisense nucleotides.
16. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the non-autologous nucleic acid constructs are introduced directly into the exosomes by electroporation.