Lubricity additive for transportation fuels
Oxidized disulfide oil (ODSO) compounds, derived from by-product disulfide oil (DSO) compounds from the MEROX process, are effective as lubricity additives for transportation fuels. Significant increases in lubricity of ultra-low sulfur fuels as measured by the WSD test were observed with addition of ODSO compounds in the range of from 0.1 ppmw to 10 ppmw. This use of ODSO compounds as lubricity additives converts an otherwise DSO waste oil product into a valuable commodity that has utility in improving lubricity properties of transportation fuels.
1. A lubricity additive for improving the lubricity of a transportation fuel that is an oxidized disulfide oil (ODSO) compound selected from the group consisting of
(R—SO—S—R′), (R—SOO—S—R′), (R—SOO—SO—R′),
(R—SOO—SOO—R′), (R—SO—SO—R′), (R—SO—SOO—OH),
(R—SOO—SOO—OH), (R—SO—SO—OH), and (R—SOO—SO—OH), and mixtures thereof, where R and R′ are alkyl groups comprising 1-10 carbon atoms,
wherein the ODSO compounds correspond to oxidized disulfide oils present in an effluent refinery hydrocarbon stream recovered following the catalytic oxidation of mercaptans present in a petroleum feedstream.
2. The lubricity additive of claim 1 , in which the number of carbon atoms in the lubricity additive compounds is in the range of from 1 to 20.
3. The lubricity additive of claim 1 , in which the number of carbon atoms in the lubricity additive compounds is in the range of from 2 to 20.
4. The lubricity additive of claim 1 , wherein the additive has at least 3 oxygen atoms.
5. The lubricity additive of claim 1 , wherein the WSD value for the transportation fuel as determined by ASTM D-6079 is reduced by at least 60 μm.
6. A transportation fuel that contains one or more of the lubricity additives of claim 1 .
7. The transportation fuel of claim 6 which is diesel fuel.
8. A method of improving the lubricity of an ultra-low sulfur gasoline or diesel transportation fuel that comprises adding to the fuel at least one of the compounds of claim 1 .
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the additive is present in fuel in the range of from 0.1 to 10 ppmw of the fuel.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the fuel contains at least 1 ppmw of the additive.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the lubricity additive is mixed with a fuel having a sulfur concentration that is not greater than 150 ppmw.
12. The method of claim 8 in which the transportation fuel is diesel.
13. A transportation fuel composition that includes a lubricity additive that is a mixture of ODSO compounds that comprises two or more of the following:
(R—SO—S— R′), (R—SOO—S— R′), (R—SOO—SO—R′),
(R—SOO—SOO—R′), (R—SO—SO—R′), (R—SO—SOO—OH),
(R—SOO—SOO—OH), (R—SO—SO—OH), and (R—SOO—SO—OH) and mixtures thereof, where R and R′ are alkyl groups comprising 1-10 carbon atoms,
wherein the ODSO compounds correspond to oxidized disulfide oils present in an effluent refinery hydrocarbon stream recovered following the catalytic oxidation of mercaptans present in a petroleum feedstream.
14. The composition of claim 13 , where the transportation fuel is a low or ultra-low sulfur diesel.