Conductive cap for watch crown
An electronic device, such as a watch, has a crown assembly having a shaft and a user-rotatable crown. The user-rotatable crown may include a conductive cap that is mechanically and electrically coupled to the shaft and functions as an electrode. The conductive cap may be coupled to the shaft using solder or another conductive attachment mechanism. The shaft may electrically couple the conductive cap to a processing unit of the electronic device. One or more additional electrodes may be positioned on the exterior surface of the electronic device. The conductive cap is operable to be contacted by a finger of a user of the electronic device while another electrode is positioned against skin of the user. The processing unit of the electronic device is operable to determine a biological parameter, such as an electrocardiogram, of the user based on voltages at the electrodes.
1. An electronic watch, comprising:
a housing;
a crown assembly comprising:
a user-rotatable crown comprising:
a conductive cap;
a crown body at least partially surrounding the conductive cap; and
an isolating component positioned between the conductive cap and the crown body; and
a shaft extending through an opening in the housing and mechanically and electrically coupled to the conductive cap; and
a processing unit coupled to the conductive cap by the shaft and operable to determine a biological parameter of a user based on a voltage at the conductive cap.
2. The electronic watch of claim 1 , wherein:
the crown assembly further comprises an attachment mechanism mechanically and electrically coupling the conductive cap and the shaft;
the shaft defines an orifice;
the conductive cap comprises a protrusion extending at least partially into the orifice;
the attachment mechanism comprises:
solder disposed between the conductive cap and the shaft; and
a mechanical interlock formed by the protrusion, the orifice, and the solder.
3. The electronic watch of claim 2 , wherein:
the protrusion comprises an interlock feature;
the orifice defines an undercut region; and
the interlock feature cooperates with the undercut region to form the mechanical interlock between the conductive cap and the shaft.
4. The electronic watch of claim 3 , wherein the solder is disposed in the orifice and at least partially surrounds the protrusion.
5. The electronic watch of claim 1 , wherein:
the conductive cap forms a first portion of an exterior surface of the user-rotatable crown;
the crown body forms a second portion of the exterior surface of the user-rotatable crown; and
the isolating component forms a third portion of the exterior surface of the user-rotatable crown.
6. The electronic watch of claim 1 , wherein the isolating component and the shaft cooperate to form a mechanical interlock.
7. The electronic watch of claim 1 , wherein:
the isolating component is an external isolating component that defines a portion of an exterior surface of the user-rotatable crown; and
the user-rotatable crown further comprises an internal isolating component disposed within the user-rotatable crown between the shaft and the crown body.
8. An electronic watch, comprising:
a housing defining an opening;
a processing unit disposed within the housing;
a first electrode disposed on a surface of the housing and configured to detect a first voltage;
a user-rotatable crown comprising:
a crown body defining a cavity; and
a second electrode disposed in the cavity and configured to detect a second voltage;
a shaft mechanically coupled to the crown body and extending through the opening in the housing, and configured to electrically couple the second electrode and the processing unit; and
an attachment mechanism mechanically and electrically coupling the second electrode and the shaft; wherein:
the processing unit is configured to generate an electrocardiogram using the first and second voltages.
9. The electronic watch of claim 8 , wherein the user-rotatable crown further comprises an isolating component disposed in the cavity between the second electrode and the crown body and configured to electrically isolate the second electrode and the crown body.
10. The electronic watch of claim 8 , wherein:
the shaft is configured to rotate as the user-rotatable crown rotates; and
the electronic watch further comprises a sensor configured to detect rotation of the shaft.
11. The electronic watch of claim 8 , wherein the attachment mechanism mechanically couples the second electrode to the crown body.
12. The electronic watch of claim 8 , wherein the attachment mechanism comprises a mechanical interlock formed by the second electrode and the shaft.
13. The electronic watch of claim 8 , wherein the crown body and the shaft cooperate to form the cavity.
14. The electronic watch of claim 13 , wherein the user-rotatable crown further comprises:
an external isolating component disposed in the cavity around a periphery of the second electrode and configured to electrically isolate the second electrode and the crown body; and
an internal isolating component disposed between the shaft and the crown body and configured to electrically isolate the shaft and the crown body.
15. An electronic watch comprising:
a housing defining an opening;
a processing unit disposed in the housing;
a display at least partially surrounded by the housing and operably coupled to the processing unit;
a crown assembly comprising:
a user-rotatable crown body;
a shaft mechanically coupled to the user-rotatable crown body and electrically coupled to the processing unit, and extending through the opening in the housing;
a conductive cap at least partially surrounded by the user-rotatable crown body and mechanically and electrically coupled to the shaft; and
a sensor configured to detect rotation of the user-rotatable crown body, wherein:
the processing unit is configured to generate an electrocardiogram of a user in response to detecting a voltage at the conductive cap.
16. The electronic watch of claim 15 , wherein:
the shaft is configured to rotate as the user-rotatable crown body rotates; and
the sensor detects rotation of the user-rotatable crown body by detecting rotation of the shaft.
17. The electronic watch of claim 15 , wherein:
the display is configured to receive touch input and provide a graphical output; and
the graphical output of the display changes in response to detecting rotation of the user-rotatable crown body.
18. The electronic watch of claim 15 , wherein:
the electronic watch further comprises an electrode positioned on a surface of the housing and electrically coupled to the processing unit;
the conductive cap is configured to be contacted by the user of the electronic watch while the electrode is positioned against skin of the user; and
the processing unit is configured to generate the electrocardiogram based on voltages sensed at the conductive cap and the electrode while the user is in contact with the conductive cap and the electrode.
19. The electronic watch of claim 15 , further comprising an isolating component positioned between the conductive cap and the user-rotatable crown body and configured to electrically isolate the user-rotatable crown body and the conductive cap.
20. The electronic watch of claim 15 , further comprising a conductive material disposed between the conductive cap and the shaft and configured to electrically couple the conductive cap and the shaft.