Detection of downhole data telemetry signals
An assembly for receiving telemetry signals from downhole equipment is located at a top end of a drill string above a drill rig floor. The assembly may be configured to receive multiple types of telemetry signals, for example, two or more of electromagnetic telemetry, mud pulse telemetry and drill string acoustic telemetry signals. The assembly may comprise a cap comprising a coupling and an end separated by an electrically-insulating gap region. The end of the cap may be connected to a grounding system for the drill rig.
1. A method for downlink electromagnetic (EM) telemetry, the method comprising:
coupling a tubular member to a drill string, the tubular member comprising first and second tubular electrically conductive sections and an electrically insulating gap filled with dielectric material, the gap separating and electrically insulating the first and second tubular sections from one another;
connecting a downlink telemetry signal generator to apply electric potentials between the first and second tubular sections;
with the tubular member at or near a top end of the drill string, transmitting downlink EM telemetry signals encoding data by controlling the downlink telemetry signal generator to vary the electrical potentials between the first and second tubular sections in a pattern that encodes the data;
applying torque to the drill string at a location above the tubular member and transmitting the torque to the drill string by way of the tubular member; and
inhibiting the signal generator from applying electric potentials between the first and second tubular sections except when a fluid pressure in the bore is at least a threshold pressure.
2. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 1 comprising filling a bore of the tubular member with drilling fluid prior to transmitting the EM telemetry downlink signals.
3. A method for downlink electromagnetic (EM) telemetry, the method comprising:
coupling a tubular member to a drill string, the tubular member comprising first and second tubular electrically conductive sections and an electrically insulating gap filled with dielectric material, the gap separating and electrically insulating the first and second tubular sections from one another;
connecting a downlink telemetry signal generator to apply electric potentials between the first and second tubular sections;
with the tubular member at or near a top end of the drill string, transmitting downlink EM telemetry signals encoding data by controlling the downlink telemetry signal generator to vary the electrical potentials between the first and second tubular sections in a pattern that encodes the data;
detecting a signal from a downhole location at the tubular member;
sending the detected signal to a processor for a processing operation; and
controlling the downlink telemetry signal generator to generate a downlink telemetry signal encoding a result of the processing operation.
4. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 3 wherein the downlink telemetry signal generator comprises a power supply and an H-Bridge circuit and the method comprises controlling the H-Bridge circuit to apply electric potential from the power supply between the first and second tubular sections in either of two polarities and changing the polarity to transmit the downlink EM telemetry signals.
5. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 3 comprising applying torque to the drill string at a location above the tubular member and transmitting the torque to the drill string by way of the tubular member.
6. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 3 comprising coupling each of the first and second tubular sections to a corresponding section of the drill string.
7. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 3 comprising rotating the tubular member while transmitting the downlink EM telemetry signals.
8. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 3 wherein electrical connections connecting the downlink telemetry signal generator between the first and second tubular sections comprise connections via conductive structures configured to mount the downlink telemetry signal generator within the bore of the tubular member.
9. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 3 wherein the tubular member is mounted immediately adjacent to a top drive.
10. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 3 wherein the tubular member is within a top drive.
11. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 3 wherein coupling the tubular member to the drill string comprises engaging a threaded coupling of the tubular member to a threaded coupling of the drill string.
12. A method for downlink electromagnetic (EM) telemetry, the method comprising:
coupling a tubular member to a drill string, the tubular member comprising first and second tubular electrically conductive sections and an electrically insulating gap filled with dielectric material, the gap separating and electrically insulating the first and second tubular sections from one another;
connecting a downlink telemetry signal generator to apply electric potentials between the first and second tubular sections;
with the tubular member at or near a top end of the drill string, transmitting downlink EM telemetry signals encoding data by controlling the downlink telemetry signal generator to vary the electrical potentials between the first and second tubular sections in a pattern that encodes the data; and
connecting the downlink telemetry signal generator to the first and second tubular sections by way of one or more rotating electrical couplings.
13. A method for downlink electromagnetic (EM) telemetry, the method comprising:
coupling a tubular member to a drill string, the tubular member comprising first and second tubular electrically conductive sections and an electrically insulating gap filled with dielectric material, the gap separating and electrically insulating the first and second tubular sections from one another;
connecting a downlink telemetry signal generator to apply electric potentials between the first and second tubular sections; and
with the tubular member at or near a top end of the drill string, transmitting downlink EM telemetry signals encoding data by controlling the downlink telemetry signal generator to vary the electrical potentials between the first and second tubular sections in a pattern that encodes the data;
wherein the downlink EM telemetry assembly shares a network interface with a top drive and the method comprises delivering the data for the EM telemetry downlink signals by way of the network interface.
14. A method for downlink electromagnetic (EM) telemetry, the method comprising:
coupling a tubular member to a drill string, the tubular member comprising first and second tubular electrically conductive sections and an electrically insulating gap filled with dielectric material, the gap separating and electrically insulating the first and second tubular sections from one another;
connecting a downlink telemetry signal generator to apply electric potentials between the first and second tubular sections; and
with the tubular member at or near a top end of the drill string, transmitting downlink EM telemetry signals encoding data by controlling the downlink telemetry signal generator to vary the electrical potentials between the first and second tubular sections in a pattern that encodes the data;
wherein coupling the tubular member to the drill string comprises engaging a threaded coupling of the tubular member to a threaded coupling of the drill string; and
wherein the downlink EM telemetry assembly is above a fitting at which drilling fluid is pumped into the drill string and is in electrical communication with the drill string by way of the fitting.
15. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 14 comprising connecting the first tubular section to an electrical ground wherein the second tubular section is electrically connected to the drill string.
16. The downlink EM telemetry method according to claim 15 comprising electrically grounding the first tubular section via a grounding system of a drill rig.