Polymer solid electrolytes
The present invention generally relates to various polymer solid electrolyte materials suitable for various electrochemical devices. Certain aspects include a polymer, a plasticizer, and an electrolyte salt. In some cases, the polymer may exhibit certain structures such as: where R 1 can be one of the following groups: where n is an integer between 1 and 10000, m is a integer between 1 and 5000, and R 2 to R 6 can each independently be one of the following structures:
1. An article, comprising a polymer comprising a product of a crosslinking reaction including a first polymer comprising one or more of:
wherein R 1 comprises one or more of:
wherein n is an integer between 1 and 10,000, inclusive;
wherein m is an integer between 1 and 5,000, inclusive;
wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
and
wherein * indicates a point of attachment.
2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the product is the product of a crosslinking reaction including the first polymer and a second polymer.
3. The article of claim 2 , wherein the second polymer comprises one or more of:
wherein R 1 comprises one or more of:
wherein n is an integer between 1 and 10,000, inclusive;
wherein m is an integer between 1 and 5,000, inclusive;
wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
and
wherein * indicates a point of attachment.
4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is crosslinked via urea and/or carbamate functional groups.
5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article further comprises a plasticizer and an electrolyte salt.
6. The article of claim 5 , wherein the plasticizer comprises ethylene carbonate and/or succinonitrile.
7. The article of claim 6 , wherein the plasticizer comprises polyethylene oxide, a polycarbonate, a polyacrylonitrile, and/or a polylactic acid.
8. The article of claim 5 , wherein the plasticizer comprises a nitrile.
9. The article of claim 5 , wherein the plasticizer comprises an oligoether.
10. The article of claim 5 , wherein the plasticizer comprises a cyclic carbonate.
11. The article of claim 5 , wherein the plasticizer comprises an ionic liquid.
12. The article of claim 5 , wherein the electrolyte salt comprises a lithium salt.
13. The article of claim 5 , wherein the electrolyte salt comprises a quaternary ammonium salt, a quaternary phosphonium salt, a transition metal salt, and/or a salt of a protonic acid.
14. The article of claim 5 , wherein the article further comprises an initiator.
15. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article comprises a microphase-separated structure.
16. An electrochemical cell, comprising the article of claim 1 .
17. A method of making a polymer solid electrolyte, comprising:
mixing a composition comprising a first polymer with a solvent to form a slurry;
removing the solvent; and
curing the slurry to form the article of claim 1 .
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the slurry is free of solvent.
19. The method of claim 17 , further comprising adding the slurry to a mold prior to curing the slurry.
20. The method of claim 17 , further comprising coating the slurry on a surface prior to curing the slurry.
21. The method of claim 17 , further comprising adding a second polymer to the solvent prior to curing the slurry.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the second polymer comprises a structure comprising one or more of:
wherein R 1 comprises one or more of:
wherein n is an integer between 1 and 10,000, inclusive;
wherein m is an integer between 1 and 5,000, inclusive;
wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
and
wherein * indicates a point of attachment.
23. The method of claim 17 , comprising adding an intiator to the solvent.
24. The method of claim 17 , comprising adding plasticizer to the solvent.
25. The method of claim 17 , comprising adding an electrolyte salt to the solvent.