Crack resistant hardfacing alloys
Embodiments of an alloy that can be resistant to cracking. In some embodiments, the alloy can be advantageous for use as a hardfacing alloys, in both a diluted and undiluted state. Certain microstructural, thermodynamic, and performance criteria can be met by embodiments of the alloys that may make them advantageous for hardfacing.
1. A Fe-based welding feedstock material comprising Fe and, in wt. %:
B: 0.7 to 0.9;
Mo: 0.91 to 1.1;
Nb: 3.03 to 3.7;
Cr: 14.11 to 14.5;
Ti: 0.35 to 0.6;
V: 0.38 to 0.56;
C: 0.8 to 1.0;
Mn: 0.83 to 1.31; and
Si: 0.35 to 0.59,
wherein the welding feedstock material is configured to form a matrix and a liquid, wherein the liquid has a minimum carbon level of about 0.5 wt. % or greater.
2. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the welding feedstock material is a wire.
3. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the welding feedstock material is a powder.
4. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix is characterized by having a maximum grain boundary formation temperature gap of about 80K.
5. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix is characterized by having a maximum grain boundary formation temperature gap of about 50K.
6. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix is characterized by having a maximum grain boundary formation temperature gap of about 0K.
7. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix is characterized by having a maximum eutectic carbide/boride phase fraction of 15 mole %.
8. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the minimum carbon level of the liquid is about 0.5 wt. %.
9. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the minimum carbon level of the liquid is about 0.7 wt. % or greater.
10. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the minimum carbon level of the liquid is about 0.9 wt. % or greater.
11. The Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 , wherein the matrix has both borides and carbides and is characterized by having carbides which are thermodynamically stable at a temperature equal to or greater than 80K below a liquidus temperature of the matrix.
12. A coating on a substrate formed from the Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 .
13. The coating on the substrate of claim 12 , wherein the coating has a macro-hardness of 50 HRC or greater.
14. The coating on the substrate of claim 12 , wherein the coating contains greater than 0 volume % grain boundary carbides and/or borides but less than 15 volume % grain boundary precipitates.
15. The coating on the substrate of claim 12 , wherein the coating has an ASTM G65A mass loss of less than 0.5 grams.
16. The coating on the substrate of claim 12 , wherein the coating contains both carbides and borides.
17. The coating on the substrate of claim 12 , wherein the coating is at least 10% by volume martensite.
18. The coating on the substrate of claim 12 , wherein the coating is at least 90% by volume martensite.
19. A method of applying a coating, the method comprising welding the Fe-based welding feedstock material of claim 1 onto a substrate.