Small diameter fiber braid with central core member
A cord comprises a braided sheath of strands having an outer surface, an inner surface, and a central hollow portion defined by the inner surface and having a volume and a core within the central hollow portion of the tubular braided sheath, such that when the cord is in a relaxed state the tubular braided sheath has a cylindrical shape and a relaxed volume of the central hollow portion wherein the core does not fill the relaxed volume of the central hollow portion of the tubular braided sheath; when the cord is in a longitudinal tensioned state, the tubular braided sheath elongates under the longitudinal tension such that a tensioned volume of at least a part of the central hollow portion of the tubular braided sheath is less than the relaxed volume; and the inner surface of the tubular braided sheath of tensioned volume contacts and cinches a surface of the core.
1. A cord, comprising:
a tubular braided sheath comprising:
strands having an outer surface, an inner surface, and a central hollow portion defined by the inner surface and having a volume; and
a core within the central hollow portion of the tubular braided sheath;
wherein:
the strands each have a tensile strength of about 8 cN/dtex or more;
when the cord is in a relaxed state, the tubular braided sheath has a substantially cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of from about 20 μm to about 5 mm and a volume of the central hollow portion, wherein the core does not completely fill the volume of the central hollow portion of the tubular braided sheath in the relaxed state; and
when the cord is in a longitudinal tensioned state, the tubular braided sheath elongates under longitudinal tension such that a volume of at least a part of the central hollow portion of the tubular braided sheath in the longitudinal tensioned state is less than the volume in the relaxed state;
in the longitudinal tensioned state, the inner surface of the tubular braided sheath contacts and cinches a surface of the core such that slippage between the core and the tubular braided sheath is reduced; and
the core comprises one or more filaments selected from the group consisting of a liquid crystalline polyester filament, an aramid filament, co-polymer aramid filament, a polyether ether ketone filament, a poly(phenylene benzobisoxazole) filament, a polypropylene filament, a polyethylene terephthalate filament, a polyamide filament, a polyhydroquinone diimidazopyridine filament, and combinations thereof
wherein the core occupies greater than about 95% of the volume of the central hollow portion of the tubular braided sheath in the relaxed state,
wherein a braid angle of the tubular braided sheath is from about 5° to about 85° in the relaxed state and the braid angle is decreased in the longitudinal tensioned state, and
wherein, when in the relaxed state, a relationship between the sheath and core components of the cord conforms to the equation (I):
c/ 10≤ p/t ≤(1.2· c )
wherein c is a strand count of the tubular braided sheath, p is a pick count per meter in the sheath, and t is a twist level of the core in turns per meter.
2. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein a pick count of the braid of the tubular braided sheath in the relaxed state is from 30 to 3000 filament unit crossovers per meter.
3. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the core is twisted at a twist level of from greater than 0 up to 1600 turns per meter (tpm).
4. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the core is a braided core.
5. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein a pick count of the tubular braided sheath in the longitudinal tensioned state is reduced in comparison to a pick count in the relaxed state.
6. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein each strand of the tubular braided sheath is individually a twisted or untwisted monofilament.
7. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein each strand of the tubular braided sheath is individually a twisted or untwisted multifilament.
8. The cord according to claim 7 , wherein the strands of the tubular braided sheath consist essentially of liquid crystalline polyester filaments.
9. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the tubular braided sheath is a combination of strands, wherein each strand is individually a twisted or untwisted monofilament or multifilament.
10. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the strands of the tubular braided sheath comprise filaments selected from the group consisting of a liquid crystalline polyester filament, an aramid filament, co-polymer aramid filament, a polyether ether ketone filament, a poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) filament, an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene filament, a high modulus polyethylene filament, a polypropylene filament, a polyethylene terephthalate filament, a polyamide filament, a polyhydroquinone diimidazopyridine filament, a high-strength polyvinyl alcohol filament and combinations thereof.
11. The cord according to claim 10 , wherein the strands of the tubular braided sheath comprise liquid crystalline polyester filaments and a content of the liquid crystalline polyester filaments is at least 50% by mass relative to a total mass of the tubular braided sheath.
12. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the strand count of the tubular braided sheath is from 4 to 24 ends.
13. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the core is a twisted or untwisted monofilament.
14. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the core is a twisted or untwisted multifilament.
15. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the core is a combination of strands, wherein each strand is individually a twisted or untwisted monofilament or multifilament.
16. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of a mass of the tubular braided sheath to a mass of the core per unit length of the cord is from about 95/5 to about 50/50.
17. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein an outer diameter of the tubular braided sheath when the cord is in the relaxed state is from about 20 μm to about 5 mm.
18. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein an outer diameter of the tubular braided sheath when the cord is in the relaxed state is from about 20 μm to about 3 mm.
19. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein an outer diameter of the tubular braided sheath when the cord is in the relaxed state is from about 20 μm to about 1 mm.
20. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein a linear density of the cord is from about 30 to about 5000 denier.
21. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the core or the tubular braided sheath comprises a filament, fiber or strand having a coating of a cross-linked silicone polymer, or a non-cross-linked silicone polymer or a long chain fatty acid.
22. The cord according to claim 21 , wherein the coating is stearic acid.
23. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein a linear density of the sheath substantially matches a linear density of the core.
24. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the tubular braided sheath comprises strands each having a tensile strength of about 15 cN/dtex or more.
25. The cord according to claim 1 , wherein the tubular braided sheath comprises strands each having a tensile strength of about 22 cN/dtex or more.
26. A tension member, comprising a cord of claim 1 , wherein an outer diameter of the tension member is from about 0.04 mm to about 0.7 mm.
27. The tension member of claim 26 , wherein the tension member is a medical thread.
28. The tension member of claim 26 , wherein the tension member is a suture.