Electromagnetic pulse/high altitude electromagnetic pulse (EMP/HEMP) filter system
A filter design configured to operate in the medium voltage range of 1000 to 5000 volts, provides protection against Electromagnetic Pulse/High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP/HEMP) intentional electromagnetic interference pulses. The filter utilizes no oil filled components to preclude the catastrophic failures (explosions) during operation. Many of the components incorporated in the present design are suited to absorbing harmonics without failing. In addition to mitigating E1 and E2 pulses, the filter is resistant to line harmonics which have proved to cause filter failure in past designs. The filter provides EMP/HEMP conducted pulse protection for downstream electronics inside hardened shelters for medium and high voltage applications.
1. An electromagnetic pulse filter system, comprising: a housing assembly comprising:
a backing plate;
an input compartment, mechanically coupled to said backing plate, and configured for coupling to an input electrical circuit;
a plurality of filter elements, each of said plurality of filter elements having an input connection, an output connection and a plurality of electromagnetic filter elements disposed on a central core, each of said plurality of filter elements mechanically coupled to said backing plate and electrically coupled proximate said input connection of each of said plurality of filter elements to said input compartment, said output connection of each of said plurality of filter elements electrically coupled to a respective filter element input connection by means of said plurality of electromagnetic filter elements disposed on said central core of each said respective filter element; and
an output compartment, mechanically coupled to said backing plate and electrically coupled to said output connection of each of said plurality of filter elements, said output compartment configured for coupling to an output electrical circuit.
2. The electromagnetic pulse filter system according to claim 1 , wherein said plurality of electromagnetic filter elements on each of said plurality of filter elements comprises:
a first inductive component, coupled to said input connection of each of said plurality of filter elements;
a second inductor component, electrically coupled to said first inductor component;
a first feedthrough capacitor, electrically coupled to said second inductor component;
a first line to ground capacitor, electrically coupled to said first feedthrough capacitor;
a third inductor component, electrically coupled to said first line to ground capacitor;
a second line to ground capacitor, electrically coupled to said third inductor component; and
a second feedthrough capacitor, electrically coupled to said second line to ground capacitor and to said output connection of each of said plurality of filter elements.
3. The electromagnetic pulse filter system according to claim 1 , wherein input connection on each of said plurality of filter elements includes a first busbar connector, and wherein said output connection on each of said plurality of filter elements includes a second busbar connector.
4. The electromagnetic pulse filter system according to claim 3 , wherein said first busbar connector and said second busbar connector of each of said plurality of filter elements are swaged to said central core of each of said plurality of filter elements.
5. The electromagnetic pulse filter system according to claim 3 , wherein said first busbar connector includes a surge arrestor.
6. The electromagnetic pulse filter system according to claim 1 , wherein said plurality of filter elements are disposed in a central compartment located between said input compartment and said output compartment.
7. The electromagnetic pulse filter system of according to claim 1 , wherein a quantity of said plurality of filter elements is selected based on said input electrical circuit configuration.
8. The electromagnetic pulse filter system according to claim 7 , wherein said input electrical circuit is selected from a group of circuit configurations consisting of a Delta configuration and a Wye configuration.
9. The electromagnetic pulse filter system according to claim 2 , wherein said first inductive component is selected from a group of inductive components consisting of and open loop core inductive component and an air core inductive component.
10. An electromagnetic pulse filter system, comprising: a housing assembly comprising:
a backing plate;
an input compartment, mechanically coupled to said backing plate, and configured for coupling to an input electrical circuit;
a plurality of filter elements, each of said plurality of filter elements having an input connection, an output connection and a plurality of electromagnetic filter elements disposed on a central core, each of said plurality of filter elements mechanically coupled to said backing plate and electrically coupled proximate said input connection of each of said plurality of filter elements to said input compartment, said output connection of each of said plurality of filter elements electrically coupled to a respective filter element input connection by means of said plurality of electromagnetic filter elements disposed on said central core of each said respective filter element, wherein said input connection on each of said plurality of filter elements includes a first busbar connector swaged onto said central core of each of said plurality of filter elements, and wherein said output connection on each of said plurality of filter elements includes a second busbar connector swaged onto said central core of each of said plurality of filter elements, and wherein each of said first busbar connectors includes a surge arrestor; and
an output compartment, mechanically coupled to said backing plate and electrically coupled to said output connection of each of said plurality of filter elements, said output compartment configured for coupling to an output electrical circuit; and
wherein said plurality of electromagnetic filter elements of each of said plurality of filter elements comprises:
a first inductor component, coupled to said input connection of each of said plurality of filter elements;
a second inductor component, electrically coupled to said first inductor component;
a first feedthrough capacitor, electrically coupled to said second inductor component;
a first line to ground capacitor, electrically coupled to said first feedthrough capacitor; a third inductor component, electrically coupled to said first line to ground capacitor;
a second line to ground capacitor, electrically coupled to said third inductor component; and
a second feedthrough capacitor, electrically coupled to said second line to ground capacitor and to said output connection of each of said plurality of filter elements.