Process for efficient purification of neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) from microbial fermentation
The present application discloses a simple process for the purification of neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) produced by microbial fermentation. The process uses a combination of cationic ion exchanger treatment, an anionic ion exchanger treatment, and a nanofiltration and/or electrodialysis step, which allows efficient purification of large quantities of neutral HMOs at high purity. Contrary to the purification currently used in fermentative production of neutral HMOs, the presented process allows the provision of HMOs without the need of a chromatographic separation. The so purified HMOs may be obtained in solid form by spray drying, as crystalline material or as sterile filtered concentrate. The provided HMOs are free of proteins and recombinant material originating from the used recombinant microbial strains and thus very well-suited for use in food, medical food and feed (e.g. pet food) applications.
1. A process for the purification of a neutral human milk oligosaccharide in a batch manner or in a continuous manner from a fermentation broth obtained by microbial fermentation, wherein the neutral human milk oligosaccharide is selected from the group consisting of 3-fucosyllactose, 2′,3-difucosyllactose, lacto-N-triose II, lacto-N-tetraose, lacto-N-neotetraose, lacto-N-fucopentaose I, lacto-N-neofucopentaose, lacto-N-fucopentaose II, lacto-N-fucopentaose III, lacto-N-fucopentaose V, lacto-N-neofucopentaose V, lacto-N-difucohexaose I, lacto-N-difucohexaose II, 6′-galactosyllactose, 3′-galactosyllactose, lacto-N-hexaose and lacto-N-neohexaose, which process comprises
i) separating the microbial biomass from the fermentation broth;
ii) subjecting the separated fermentation broth obtained in step i) to a cation exchanger or to an anion exchanger to obtain a solution;
iii) subjecting the solution obtained in step ii) to the cation or anion exchanger not used in step ii);
iv) subjecting the solution obtained from step iii) to nanofiltration or reverse osmosis or vacuum evaporation or electrodialysis to obtain a purified solution of the neutral human milk oligosaccharide;
v) optionally treating the purified solution obtained after step iii) or step iv) with activated carbon; and
vi) spray-drying the purified solution obtained after step iv) or v),
wherein the neutral human milk oligosaccharide in the purified solution obtained after step iv) or after step v), has a purity of ≥70% as determined by HPLC.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the separating step i) is performed using ultrafiltration using a cross-flow filter.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solution obtained in step ii) is diafiltrated before step iii).
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein step iv) is performed using nanofiltration.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the optional activated carbon treatment step iv) is performed.
6. The process of claim 1 , further comprising subjecting the purified solution to electrodialysis after step v).
7. The process of claim 1 , further comprising concentrating the purified solution obtained after step iii) or optional step iv).
8. The process of claim 7 , further comprising concentrating the solution after the electrodialysis.
9. The process of claim 1 , further comprising adding a β-glucosidase to the fermentation broth prior to step i).
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microbe is recombinant E. coli.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the β-glucosidase is added as a crude enzyme or as a microorganism expressing a β-glucosidase.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the purity is at least 75%.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the purity is at least 80%.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the yield of the purified HMO is about 70% relative to the concentration of the neutral HMO in the fermentation broth.
15. A process for the purification of 2′-fucosyllactose in a batch manner or in a continuous manner from a fermentation broth obtained by microbial fermentation, which process comprises
i) separating the microbial biomass from the fermentation broth;
ii) subjecting the separated fermentation broth obtained in step i) to a cation exchanger or to an anion exchanger to obtain a solution;
iii) subjecting the solution obtained in step ii) to the cation or anion exchanger not used in step ii);
iv) subjecting the solution obtained from step iii) to nanofiltration or reverse osmosis or vacuum evaporation or electrodialysis to obtain a purified solution of 2′-fucosyllactose;
v) optionally treating the purified solution obtained from step iv) with activated carbon; and
vi) spray-drying the purified solution obtained after step iv) or v),
wherein the 2′-fucosyllactose in the purified solution obtained after step iv) or step v) has a purity of ≥70% as determined by HPLC.