4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)benzenesulfonamide derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors of 12-lipoxygenase
Human lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of iron-containing enzymes involved in catalyzing the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids to provide the corresponding bioactive hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) metabolites. These eicosanoid signaling molecules are involved in a number of physiologic responses such as platelet aggregation, inflammation, and cell proliferation. Platelet-type 12-(S)-LOX (12-LOX) is of particular interest because of its demonstrated role in skin diseases, diabetes, platelet hemostasis, thrombosis, and cancer. Disclosed herein is the identification and medicinal chemistry optimization of a 4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)benzenesulfonamide-based scaffold. The compounds display nM potency against 12-LOX and excellent selectivity over related lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases. In addition to possessing favorable ADME properties, the compounds also inhibit PAR-4 induced aggregation and calcium mobilization in human platelets, and reduce 12-HETE in mouse/human beta cells. The compounds can also be used in methods for treating or preventing a 12-lipoxygenase mediated disease or disorder.
1. A compound of Formula (I)
wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, F, Cl, Br, amine, nitrogen dioxide, indole, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, wherein said aryl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, are optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 6 alkynyl, F, Cl, Br, hydroxyl, amine, and methoxy wherein R 1 and R 2 are not both H;
R 3 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, thiophene, 1-naphthalene, 2-naphthalene, quinoline, isoquinoline, 4N-boc-piperidine-3-phenyl, oxazole, benzothiophene, parathiazine, furan, pyran, chromene, benzofuran, pyrrole, pyrazole, triazine, indole, purine, and phthalazine; wherein said phenyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, thiophene, 1-naphthalene, 2-naphthalene, quinoline, isoquinoline, 4N-boc-piperidine-3-phenyl, oxazole, benzothiophene, parathiazine, furan, pyran, chromene, benzofuran, pyrrole, pyrazole, triazine, indole, purine, and phthalazine are optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 6 alkynyl, F, Cl, Br, hydroxyl, amine, alkoxy, phenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, piperazine, piperidine, pyridine, morpholine, pyrrolidine, pyrazolidine, imidazolidine, and thiomorpholine;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of methoxy and Cl when R 2 is H;
R 2 is selected from the group consisting of Br, and Cl when R 1 is H; and
R 3 is selected from the group consisting of 2-benzothiazole, 2-benzoxazole, 2-benzimidazole, 4-methyl-2-benzothiazole, thiophene, phenyl, 1-naphthalene, 2naphthalene, 1, 4-bi-phenyl, 3-piperazine-phenyl, 4-piperidine-phenyl, 4-piperazine-3-pyridine, 6-methyl-3-pyridine, 3-quinoline, 8-isoquinoline, 2-pyridine, 3-pyridine, 3-tertbutyl-phenyl, 6-methoxy-2-benzothiazole, 6-fluro-2-benzothiazole, 3-morpholine-phenyl, 4N-boc-piperidine-3-phenyl, 3-piperidine-phenyl, 3-isopropyl-phenyl, and 4-bi-phenyl;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
3. The compound of claim 2 , wherein R 1 is methoxy and R 2 is H.
4. The compound of claim 3 , wherein R 3 is thiophene.
5. A compound of Formula (I)
wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, F, Cl, Br, amine, nitrogen dioxide, indole, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, wherein said aryl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, are optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 6 alkynyl, F, Cl, Br, hydroxyl, amine, methoxy, wherein when R 2 is H, R 1 is not H, methoxy, or allyl;
R 3 is selected from the group consisting of pyrimidine, thiazole, pyrazine, and pyridine; wherein said pyrimidine, thiazole, pyrazine, and pyridine are optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 6 alkynyl, F, Cl, Br, hydroxyl, amine, alkoxy, phenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, piperazine, piperidine, morpholine, pyrrolidine, pyrazolidine, imidazolidine, and thiomorpholine;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the proviso that when R 3 is thiazole, then R 1 is not methoxy.
6. The compound of claim 5 wherein R 3 is pyridine.
7. A compound of formula (II)
wherein X is selected from the group consisting of O, S, NH, and C;
wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and alkyl;
wherein R 3 through R 6 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkoxy, and alkyl;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
8. A compound of formula (III)
wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, and alkoxy, and further wherein R 1 and R 2 are not both H;
wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, phenyl, and optionally substituted phenyl;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; with the proviso that the compound is not
9. A compound of formula (IV)
wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, and alkoxy;
wherein R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, phenyl, optionally substituted phenyl, tert-butyl, isopropyl, and
wherein X is selected from the group consisting of NH, O, and
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is methoxy and R 2 is H.
11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is phenyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 1 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 6 alkynyl, F, Cl, Br, hydroxyl, amine, alkoxy, phenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, piperazine, piperidine, pyridine, morpholine, pyrrolidine, pyrazolidine, imidazolidine, and thiomorpholine.
12. The compound of claim 11 , wherein R 3 is phenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of F, Cl and Br.
13. The compound of claim 12 , wherein R 3 is phenyl substituted with F.