Electromagnetic launcher with spiral guideway
View Patent ↗An electromagnetic launcher with a curved or spiral-shaped, open-ended guideway and conductors for launching a projectile. The projectile, movably retained on or within the guideway, is accelerated along the guideway using electromagnetic forces until it reaches an end of the guideway, then the projectile is launched in a desired direction. The direction of the launch of the projectile is determined by orienting the guideway in the desired direction using an actuator.
1. An electromagnetic launcher for accelerating a projectile, the electromagnetic launcher comprising:
a guideway defining a path for accelerating the projectile, the path having an increasing radius and a slope so that the path forms a funnel-like profile;
a plurality of conductive coils supported by the guideway and configured to receive electric current so that the electric current induces a magnetic field along the guideway for accelerating the projectile; and
a controller configured to sense a position of the projectile along the guideway and activate a portion of the plurality of conductive coils proximate to the position of the projectile.
2. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 1 , further comprising a first actuator configured to rotate the guideway about a vertical axis, and a second actuator configured to adjust a vertical orientation of the guideway.
3. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of conductive coils is individually connected to one of a plurality of contacts for providing power to the conductive coil.
4. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 3 , further comprising a multiplexor in communication with each of the plurality of contacts, wherein the controller is configured to selectively activate each of the plurality of contacts through the multiplexor.
5. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of conductive coils comprises a silicon-controlled rectifier.
6. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to open one of the plurality of contacts at a time to reduce switching losses.
7. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 1 , wherein the projectile includes rotor coils made of conductive material configured to receive electric current that induces a magnetic field about the projectile which interacts with the magnetic field induced by the current traveling through the plurality of conductive coils.
8. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 7 , wherein the projectile includes
a power supply that provides power to the rotor coils, and
magnets configured to cause the projectile to levitate within or on the guideway.
9. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 1 , the guideway including an entrance located where the radius is at a minimum length.
10. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 9 , the entrance being operable to have the projectile loaded therethrough.
11. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 1 , the guideway including a launch site located where the radius is at a maximum length.
12. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 1 , wherein the projectile is configured to levitate along the path of the guideway.
13. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 1 , wherein the guideway is connected to a handheld gun.
14. A method of launching a projectile, the method comprising the steps of:
loading the projectile through an entrance in a guideway defining a spiral path with an increasing radius and a slope to form a funnel-shaped profile;
sensing a location of the projectile in the guideway; and
automatically activating coils of the guideway that are in proximity to the location of the projectile so that an electromagnetic force is induced thereby accelerating the projectile along the spiral path until the projectile exits the guideway through a launch site.
15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising a step of orienting the guideway using a first actuator configured to rotate the guideway about a vertical axis, and a second actuator configured to adjust a vertical orientation of the guideway.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the step of activating the coils includes using a plurality of contacts to selectively activate the coils.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the step of activating the coils includes only opening one of the contacts at a time to reduce switching losses.
18. An electromagnetic launcher for accelerating a projectile comprising:
a guideway defining a spiral path having an increasing radius and slope to form a funnel-shaped profile, the guideway configured to accelerate the projectile and having—
an entrance located along the spiral path where the radius is at a minimum length, and
a launch site located along the spiral path where the radius is at a maximum length so that a centripetal force the guideway applies to the projectile is reduced, thereby reducing friction between the projectile and the guideway as the projectile accelerates through the guideway;
a plurality of conductive coils configured to receive electric current so that the electric current induces a magnetic field along the guideway for accelerating the projectile;
a bus for supplying power to the conductive coils;
a plurality of contacts configured to connect a portion of the plurality of conductive coils to the bus;
a multiplexor in communication with the plurality of contacts; and
a controller configured to sense a position of the projectile along the guideway and selectively activate the conductive coils that are proximate to the position of the projectile via the multiplexor so that the projectile is accelerated from the entrance of the guideway to the launch site of the guideway.
19. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 18 , wherein the controller is configured to open one contact at a time to reduce switching losses.
20. The electromagnetic launcher of claim 18 , further comprising a first actuator configured to rotate the guideway about a vertical axis, and a second actuator configured to adjust a vertical orientation of the guideway.