Nanostructures fabricated by metal asisted chemical etching for antibactertial applications
The method comprises contacting a silicon substrate with a silver salt and an acid for a time effective to produce spikes having a first end disposed on the silicon substrate and a second end extending away from the silicon substrate. The spikes have a second end diameter of about 10 nm to about 200 nm, a height of about 100 nm to 10 micrometers, and a density of about 10 to 100 per square microns. The nanostructures provide antimicrobial properties and can be transferred to the surface of various materials such as polymers.
1. A mold system comprising:
a UV-curable epoxy patterned template comprising a negative mold of a plurality of nanostructure spikes;
a master template comprising a silicon substrate having a patterned surface, the patterned surface comprising the plurality of nanostructure spikes having a first end attached to the silicon substrate and a second end extending away from the silicon substrate, the spikes having a second end diameter of about 10 nm to about 200 nm, a height of about 100 nm to about 1 micrometer, and an average spacing of about 50 nanometers; and
a polymer positive mold of the plurality of nanostructure spikes;
wherein the patterned surface is formed by contacting the silicon substrate with a silver salt and an acid comprising hydrofluoric acid at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 30° C. for a time greater than 3 minutes to less than 10 minutes such that islanding and bundling is prevented and the patterned surface is sharp enough to penetrate cell walls of a microorganism.
2. The mold system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer positive mold comprises a thermoset polymer, a thermoplastic polymer, or a combination thereof.
3. The mold system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer positive mold comprises polyacetals, polyolefins, polyacrylics, polyacrylates, polycarbonates, polystyrenes, polyesters, polyamides, polyamideimides, polyarylates, polyarylsulfones, polyethersulfones, polyphenylene sulfides, polyvinyl chlorides, polysulfones, polyimides, polyetherimides, polytetrafluoroethylenes, polyetherketones, polyether etherketones, polyether ketone ketones, polybenzoxazoles, polyphthalides, polyanhydrides, polyvinyl ethers, polyvinyl thioethers, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl ketones, polyvinyl halides, polyvinyl nitriles, polyvinyl esters, polysulfonates, polysulfides, polythioesters, polysulfonamides, polyureas, polyphosphazenes, polysilazanes, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyurethane, ethylene propylene diene rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene, perfluoroalkoxyethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, or the like, or a combination thereof.
4. The mold system of claim 1 , wherein the polymer positive mold comprises a polymeric film having an antimicrobial surface.
5. The mold system of claim 4 , wherein the polymeric film is a component of an electronic device, a biomedical article, a household product, a food grade article, a transportation component, or a public building component.