Method of bonding together surfaces of two or more elements and a product made by said method
A method of bonding together surfaces of two or more elements. The method includes the steps of providing two or more elements, applying an adhesive to one or more of the surfaces to be bonded together before, during or after contacting the surfaces to be bonded together with each other, and curing the adhesive, wherein the adhesive comprises at least one hydrocolloid.
1. A method of bonding together surfaces of two or more elements, said method comprising the steps of:
providing two or more elements;
applying an adhesive to one or more of the surfaces to be bonded together before, during or after contacting the surfaces to be bonded together with each other; and
curing the adhesive;
wherein the adhesive comprises:
at least one hydrocolloid,
proteins from animal sources; and
at least one phenol containing compound and/or at least one enzyme.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the two or more elements is a building element for structural or non-structural components of a building construction and/or for the building interior.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the two or more elements is an insulation element for building insulation, such as an element with a thermal resistance equal or greater than 0.25 m2·K/W or a thermal conductivity at 10° C. equal or lower than 0.060 W/(m·K).
4. A method according to claim 3 , wherein said at least one insulation element is a mineral wool element.
5. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the mineral wool element is bound by a mineral wool binder corresponding to the adhesive.
6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein none of the elements are mineral wool elements.
7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the elements is selected from the group consisting of a fleece, a building structure, a wood-based product.
8. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of curing is carried out at temperatures from 5 to 95° C., or 10 to 80° C., or 20 to 60° C., or 40 to 50° C.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of curing comprises a drying process, involving blowing air or gas over/through the elements and/or by increasing temperature.
10. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of curing, which can be performed with or without the step of drying, can be performed on a building site where the elements are comprised in a building structure.
11. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of curing is performed at ambient temperature.
12. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one hydrocolloid is selected from the group consisting of gelatine, pectin, starch, alginate, agar agar, carrageenan, gellan gum, guar gum, gum arabic, locust bean gum, xanthan gum, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethylcellulose, arabinoxylan, cellulose, curdlan, β-glucan.
13. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one hydrocolloid is a polyelectrolytic hydrocolloid.
14. A method according to claim 13 , wherein the at least one hydrocolloid is selected from the group consisting of gelatine, pectin, alginate, carrageenan, gum arabic, xanthan gum, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethylcellulose.
15. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive comprises at least two hydrocolloids, wherein one hydrocolloid is gelatine and the at least one other hydrocolloid is selected from the group consisting of pectin, starch, alginate, agar agar, carrageenan, gellan gum, guar gum, gum arabic, locust bean gum, xanthan gum, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethylcellulose, arabinoxylan, cellulose, curdlan, β-glucan.
16. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the gelatine is present in the adhesive an amount of 10 to 95 wt.-%, or 20 to 80 wt.-%, or 30 to 70 wt.-%, or 40 to 60 wt.-%, based on the weight of the hydrocolloids.
17. A method according to claim 15 , wherein the one hydrocolloid and the at least other hydrocolloid have complementary charges.
18. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is not a thermoset adhesive.
19. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive does not contain a poly(meth)acrylic acid, a salt of a poly(meth)acrylic acid or an ester of a poly(meth)acrylic acid.
20. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one hydrocolloid is a biopolymer or modified biopolymer.
21. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive is formaldehyde-free.
22. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the adhesive consists essentially of
at least one hydrocolloid; and at least one of
at least one oil,
at least one pH-adjuster,
at least one crosslinker,
at least one anti-fouling agent,
at least one anti-swelling agent, and
water.
23. A product for structural or non-structural components of a building construction and/or for the building interior made by performing a method according to claim 1 , wherein the product is a laminated product comprising two or more elements bonded together.
24. An insulating product for building insulation made by performing a method according to claim 1 , wherein the product provides a thermal resistance equal or greater than 0.25 m2·K/W or a thermal conductivity at 10° C. equal or lower than 0.060 W/(m·K).
25. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the proteins from animal sources comprise collagen, gelatine or hydrolysed gelatine.
26. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one phenol containing compound is a tannin selected from one or more components from the group consisting of tannic acid, condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins), hydrolysable tannins, gallotannins, ellagitannins, complex tannins, and/or tannin originating from one or more of oak, chestnut, staghorn sumac and fringe cups.
27. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one enzyme is selected from the group consisting of transglutaminase (EC 2.3.2.13), protein disulfide isomerase (EC 5.3.4.1), thiol oxidase (EC 1.8.3.2), polyphenol oxidase (EC 1.14.18.1).
28. A method according to claim 27 , wherein the at least one enzyme is selected from catechol oxidase, tyrosine oxidase, and phenoloxidase, lysyl oxidase (EC 1.4.3.13), and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7).
29. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the fleece is a glass fibre fleece.
30. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the building structure is a wall, a ceiling or a roof.
31. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the wood-based product is a wood fibre board.