Imaging sensor with wavelength detection regions and pre-determined polarization directions

1. An imaging sensor comprising:

a plurality of wavelength detection regions, the plurality of wavelength detection regions including a first wavelength detection region, a second wavelength detection region that is directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region, a third wavelength detection region that is directly adjacent to the second wavelength detection region and is not directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region, and fourth wavelength detection region that is directly adjacent to the third wavelength detection region and is not directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region and the second wavelength detection region,

wherein the first wavelength detection region comprises a plurality of pixels configured to

detect light within a first pre-determined wavelength range, and

detect the light at different pre-determined polarization directions, and

wherein the first pre-determined wavelength range is a near-infrared wavelength range,

wherein the second wavelength detection region comprises a second plurality of pixels configured to

detect the light within a second pre-determined wavelength range, and

detect the light within the second pre-determined wavelength range at the different pre-determined polarization directions,

the second pre-determined wavelength range is different than the first pre-determined wavelength range,

wherein the third wavelength detection region comprises a third plurality of pixels configured to

detect the light within a third pre-determined wavelength range, and

detect the light within the third pre-determined wavelength range at the different pre-determined polarization direction,

the third pre-determined wavelength range is different than the first pre-determined wavelength range and the second pre-determine wavelength range, and

wherein the fourth wavelength detection region comprises a fourth plurality of pixels configured to

detect the light within a fourth pre-determine wavelength range, and

detect the light within the fourth pre-determined wavelength range at the different pre-determined polarization directions,

the fourth pre-determined wavelength range is different than the first pre-determined wavelength range, the second pre-determined wavelength range, and the third pre-determined wavelength range.

2. The imaging sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of pixels includes groups of pixels, each pixel of one of the groups of pixels is configured to detect the light at a pre-determined polarization direction, the groups of pixels are arranged to repeat within the first wavelength detection region.

3. The imaging sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each wavelength detection region of the plurality of wavelength detection regions is formed in a rectangular shape elongated along a first direction, and

when viewed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the each wavelength detection region of the plurality of wavelength detection regions is arranged at one or more points.

4. The imaging sensor according to claim 3 , wherein the second direction is a direction of movement relative to an examination target.

5. The imaging sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each wavelength detection region of the plurality of wavelength detection regions is arranged at one or more points when viewed in a row direction and a column direction.

6. The imaging sensor according to claim 1 , wherein each wavelength detection region of the plurality of wavelength detection regions includes an array of at least sixteen pixels, the array of at least sixteen pixels including at least four row pixels and at least four column pixels.

7. The imaging sensor according to claim 6 , wherein the array of at least sixteen pixels is configured to detect the light in at least three or more polarization directions.

8. The imaging sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the second wavelength detection region of the plurality of wavelength detection regions is configured to detect the light within a blue wavelength range, the third wavelength detection region of the plurality of wavelength detection regions is configured to detect the light within a green wavelength range, and the fourth wavelength detection region of the plurality of wavelength detection regions is configured to detect the light within a red wavelength range.

9. The imaging sensor according to claim 8 , further comprising:

a detection region configured to detect non-polarized light in all wavelength ranges.

10. The imaging sensor according to claim 8 , further comprising:

a detection region comprising a fifth plurality of pixels, a first pixel of the fifth plurality of pixels is configured to detect a non-polarized light within the red wavelength range, a second pixel of the fifth plurality of pixels is configured to detect the non-polarized light within the green wavelength range, and a third pixel of the fifth plurality of pixels is configured to detect the non-polarized light within the blue wavelength range,

the fifth plurality of pixels is arranged in a Bayer array.

11. The imaging sensor according to claim 1 , wherein four of the plurality of pixels are configured to detect the light in one of four different polarization directions, the four of the plurality of pixels are arranged as a single set, and the single set is disposed in a matrix of four rows×four columns.

12. The imaging sensor according to claim 1 , further comprising:

signal processing circuitry,

wherein each wavelength region of the plurality of wavelength detection regions includes a different plurality of pixels,

wherein the signal processing circuitry is configured to generate an image acquired for a wider area on a basis of a detection value detected by each pixel of the plurality of wavelength detection regions.

13. The imaging sensor according to claim 2 , wherein the groups of pixels are arranged to repeat within the first wavelength detection region, the second wavelength detection region, the third wavelength detection region, and the fourth wavelength detection region.

14. The imaging sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the second wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region in a first direction, wherein the third wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the second wavelength detection region in the first direction, wherein the fourth wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the third wavelength detection region in the first direction, and wherein the first direction is a direction that is opposite to a direction of movement relative to an examination target.

15. An imaging method, the method comprising:

detecting, with an imaging sensor, incident light;

outputting, with the imaging sensor, a first one or more image signals from a first wavelength detection region, the first one or more image signals are indicative of different polarizations of the incident light in a first pre-determined wavelength range;

outputting, with the imaging sensor, a second one or more image signals from a second wavelength detection region that is directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region, the second one or more image signals are indicative of the different polarizations of the incident light in a second pre-determined wavelength range;

outputting, with the imaging sensor, a third one or more image signals from a third wavelength detection region that is directly adjacent to the second wavelength detection region and is not directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region, the third one or more image signals are indicative of the different polarizations of the incident light in a third pre-determined wavelength range; and

outputting, with the imaging sensor, a fourth one or more image signals from a fourth wavelength detection region that is directly adjacent to the third wavelength detection region and is not directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region and the second wavelength detection region, the fourth one or more image signals are indicative of the different polarizations of the incident light in a fourth pre-determined wavelength range,

wherein the first pre-determined wavelength range, the second pre-determined wavelength range, the third pre-determined wavelength range, and the fourth pre-determined wavelength range are different from each other,

wherein the first pre-determined wavelength range is a near-infrared wavelength range.

16. The imaging method according to claim 15 , further comprising:

outputting, with the imaging sensor, a fifth or more image signals from a fifth wavelength detection region, the fifth one or more image signals based on non-polarized light.

17. The imaging method according to claim 15 , further comprising:

generating, with signal processing circuitry, an image acquired for a wider area on a basis of the first one or more image signals, the second one or more image signals, the third one or more image signals, and the fourth one or more image signals.

18. The imaging method according to claim 15 , wherein the second wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region in a first direction, wherein the third wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the second wavelength detection region in the first direction, wherein the fourth wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the third wavelength detection region in the first direction, and wherein the first direction is a direction that is opposite to a direction of movement relative to an examination target.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a program that, when executed by electronic processor, causes the electronic processor to perform a set of operations comprising:

receiving a first one or more image signals from a first wavelength detection region of an imaging sensor, the first one or more image signals are indicative of different polarizations of incident light in a first pre-determined wavelength range,

receiving a second one or more image signals from a second wavelength detection region of the imaging sensor, the second wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region, and the second one or more image signals are indicative of the different polarizations of the incident light in a second pre-determined wavelength range;

receiving a third one or more image signals from a third wavelength detection region of the imaging sensor, the third wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the second wavelength detection region and is not directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region, and the third one or more image signals are indicative of the different polarizations of the incident light in a third pre-determined wavelength range;

receiving a fourth one or more image signals from a fourth wavelength detection region of the imaging sensor, the fourth wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the third wavelength detection region and is not directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region and the second wavelength detection region, and the fourth one or more image signals are indicative of the different polarizations of the incident light in a fourth pre-determined wavelength range; and

an image that is based on a combination of the first one or more image signal, the second one or more image signals, the third one or more image signals, and the fourth one or more image signals.

20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 19 , wherein the second wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the first wavelength detection region in a first direction, wherein the third wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the second wavelength detection region in the first direction, wherein the fourth wavelength detection region is directly adjacent to the third wavelength detection region in the first direction, and wherein the first direction is a direction that is opposite to a direction of movement relative to an examination target.