Skin inspection device for identifying abnormalities
A skin inspection device for identifying abnormalities; the device comprising: a transparent panel having an inspection area; an array of thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) formations provided on the transparent panel which are operable to change colour in response to a change of temperature; and one or more image capture devices for capturing a colour image of the TLC formations and an area of skin of a target located in the inspection area; the captured colour image being analysed to identify abnormalities in the area of skin.
1. A skin inspection device for identifying skin abnormalities; the device comprising:
a transparent panel having an inspection area;
an array of discrete thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) formations provided on a top surface of the transparent panel which are operable to change colour in response to a change of temperature of the TLC formations;
one or more image capture devices for a combined capture of a colour image of the TLC formations and an image of a target of an area of skin of a patient's foot located in the inspection area such that a combined colour image is provided, wherein the combined colour image provides a dataset combining corresponding temperature values with co-located image data of both the target of the area of the skin and the TLC formations; and
a processor operably coupled to the one or more image capture devices for controlling operations thereof,
wherein the processor is operable to generate indicia indicative of an emergence of ulcers and/or the skin abnormalities, and
wherein the TLC formations are spaced apart from each other such that, when a subset of the TLC formations change colour in response to the change of temperature of the subset of the TLC formations, portions of the transparent panel between adjacent TLC formations of the subset changing colour remain transparent, distances between peripheries of the TLC formations being greater than a diameter of the TLC formations, the co-located image data being addressable through coordinates and the coordinates of the co-located image data correspond to one or more pixels in the combined colour image, the processor being operable to map a graphical region of the area of the skin to the coordinates of the co-located image data.
2. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a strain gauge operable for detecting a weight bearing load on the transparent panel.
3. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the processor is configured to activate the one or more image capture devices in response to the strain gauge detecting the weight bearing load.
4. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a housing on which the transparent panel is mounted.
5. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the housing accommodates the processor and the one or more image capture devices therein.
6. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising a low reflection material on an interior of the housing for reducing an amount of external light that is reflected onto the TLC formations.
7. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transparent panel provides a foot plate of sufficient strength to support a weight of the patient in a form of an adult human.
8. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transparent panel is rigid.
9. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transparent panel is of a resilient material operable to conform to a shape of a sole of the foot when stepped on by the patient.
10. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a backing material partially surrounds each TLC formation such that each TLC formation has an area free of the backing material.
11. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the backing material is dark.
12. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the dark material comprises black ink.
13. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the one or more image capture devices are located beneath the transparent panel such that the area free of the backing material of each TLC formation is in a field of view of the one or more image capture devices.
14. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the TLC formations are printed onto the transparent panel.
15. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a calibration means.
16. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to process the combined colour image captured by the one or more image capture devices for determining a temperature of the target of the area of the skin of the patient's foot at multiple discrete locations.
17. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the processor converts the combined colour image of the TLC formations into the corresponding temperature values based on a hue/saturation/lightness of the TLC formations and a colour-temperature conversion table.
18. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the processor is configured to generate a temperature map based on the corresponding temperature values.
19. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the processor is configured to overlay the temperature map onto the combined colour image of the target of the area of the skin of the patient's foot.
20. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the processor is configured to perform image analysis on the temperature map and the combined colour image.
21. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the image analysis compares the corresponding temperature values at corresponding points on the patient's foot and opposite foot of the combined colour image.
22. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the processor is operable to generate the indicia indicative of the emergence of ulcers and/or the skin abnormalities at particular locations on the combined colour image.
23. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to detect for areas on the combined colour image including at least one of excess callus, blisters, moisture, and discolouration.
24. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising an alert mechanism for generating an alert.
25. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the alert mechanism is operable to communicate the alert to a remote entity via a telecommunications network.
26. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to trigger the one or more image capture devices to capture the colour image of the TLC formations and the image of the target of the area of the skin in response to an input.
27. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to trigger the one or more image capture devices to capture the colour image of the TLC formations and the image of the target of the area of the skin in response to the patient's foot being placed on the inspection area.
28. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the TLC formations are spaced at a frequency of 1 per 1 cm 2 .
29. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a density of TLC formations is in a range of between 0.5 and 6 per cm 2 .
30. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each TLC formation has a diameter in a range of 0.5 mm to 4 mm.
31. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transparent panel comprises glass, a composite material, polycarbonate, or other plastics material.
32. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising one or more calibration components.
33. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a light source.
34. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 33 , wherein the light source comprises one or more LEDs of a known intensity and colour.
35. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a light filter to alter light intensity entering a field of view of the one or more image capture devices.
36. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising one or more diffusion films for reducing glare on the transparent panel.
37. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising foot shaped panels.
38. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising one or more colour calibration targets.
39. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 38 , wherein the one or more calibration targets are incorporated into the TLC formations.
40. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein two or more of the one or more image capture devices are provided with an area of overlap in a field of view.
41. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 40 , wherein, a calibration target is located in the area of overlap.
42. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a light sensor within a field of the one or more image capture devices.
43. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 42 , wherein the system is configured such that output from the light sensor is used by the processor to modify operational settings of the one or more image capture devices.
44. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 42 , wherein the system is configured such that output from the light sensor is used as an input by a post processing algorithm in the processor to eliminate effects of ambient light.
45. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a heat sensor for sensing a temperature of the transparent panel.
46. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the TLC formations are designed to operate over a blue and green range of a visible light spectrum.
47. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a black ring surrounding each TLC formation.
48. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising one or more baffles configured to block at least a portion of glare-causing rays of light.
49. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 48 , wherein the one or more baffles are selectively adjustable.
50. A skin inspection device as claimed in claim 49 , wherein dimensions, configuration, orientation or location of the one or more baffles are selectively adjustable.
51. A weighing scale comprising a skin inspection device as claimed in claim 1 ; and a means for calculating a weight of the patient.