Bendable, creasable, and printable batteries with enhanced safety and high temperature stability—methods of fabrication, and methods of using the same
A composite electrolyte ( 151 ). The composite electrolyte ( 151 ) including a binder, a solvent, a non-solvent, and a ceramic filler. The non-solvent is configured to cause the binder to self-interact. The composite electrolyte ( 151 ) may be cast ( 138 ) or printed ( 144 ).
1. A composite electrolyte comprising:
a binder comprising 20 wt % to 50 wt % of a total weight of the composite electrolyte, the binder being selected from the group consisting of PVDF, PVDF-HFP, PTFE, PEO, PMMA, PAN, CNC, SBR, and combinations thereof; and
a ceramic filler comprising 50 wt % to 80 wt % of the total weight of the composite electrolyte, the ceramic filler having a cross-sectional diameter ranging from 50 nm to 150 nm and being selected from the group consisting of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , MgO, Li 2 O, LiAlO 2 , BaTiO 3 , LAGP, LATP, LLTO, and combinations thereof,
wherein the composite electrolyte has a porosity greater than 50% comprising a plurality of submicron pores.
2. The composite electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic filler comprises particles having a maximum dimension that ranges from 10 nm to 100 μm.
3. The composite electrolyte of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the composite electrolyte ranges from about 50 μm to about 60 μm.
4. A battery comprising:
a cathode;
an anode;
a separator comprising the composite electrolyte of claim 1 ; and
an electrolyte.
5. The battery of claim 4 , wherein the electrolyte is LiPF 6 in a carbonate.
6. The battery of claim 4 , wherein the carbonate is selected from the group consisting of EC, DEC, DMC, EMC, PC, and combinations thereof.
7. The battery of claim 4 , wherein the cathode, the anode, or both comprise a composite electrode, the composite electrode comprising:
an active material;
a conductive additive;
an electrode binder; and
an electrode solvent.