Tumour immunogen, preparation method therefor, and application
Provided are a tumour immunogen, a preparation method therefore, and an application. After localised sequential cooling-heating treatment is performed on tumour tissue and/or cells, the tumour tissue and/or cells release a large amount of tumour immunogen heat shock protein 70. The obtained tumour immunogen can activate the body's tumour immune system, to convert immunosuppressive cells into mature dendritic cells, thereby increasing immunogen presentation, and activating tumour immunity.
1. A method for transforming myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into mature dendritic cells, comprising:
(A) cooling a cultured tumor tissue and/or tumor cells to obtain a cooled tumor tissue and/or tumor cells, wherein the cooling comprises cooling the tumor tissue and/or the tumor cells to T1, where −30° C.≤T1≤−10° C.;
(B) heating the cooled tumor tissue and/or tumor cells obtained in (A) to obtain a tumor tissue and/or tumor cell culture containing a cluster of tumor immunogen, wherein the heating comprises heating the cooled tumor tissue and/or tumor cells obtained in (A) to T2, where 40° C.<T2≤55° C.;
(C) isolating and purifying a heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) from the tumor tissue and/or tumor cell culture obtained in (B); and
(D) contacting the HSP70 obtained in (C) with MDSCs to effectively transform MDSCs into mature dendritic cells.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein
(A) is a segmented cooling step; and/or
(B) is a segmented heating step.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a time required for reaching T1 in (A) is S1, where S1≤15 min; and
in (A), after a temperature of the tumor tissue and/or tumor cells reaches T1, the temperature is maintained at T1 for 5-30 min.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a time required for reaching T2 in (B) is S2, and S2≤15 min; and
in (B), after a temperature of the cooled tumor tissue and/or tumor cells reaches T2, the temperature is maintained at T2 for 5-30 min.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating in (B) comprises:
i) heating the cooled tumor tissue and/or tumor cells obtained in (A) to T2a, where −10° C.<T2a≤10° C.; and
ii) heating the tumor tissue and/or tumor cells at the temperature of T2a obtained in i) to T2.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein
the cooling in (A) and the heating in (B) are optionally repeated one or more times.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein (A) and/or (B) each further comprises:
monitoring a temperature of the tumor tissue and/or tumor cells, the monitoring includes a non-invasive monitoring or an invasive monitoring, the non-invasive monitoring includes an infrared image analysis temperature monitoring method, a nuclear magnetic resonance temperature detecting method, and an ultrasonic temperature detecting method; and
quantitative and/or qualitative detection for a tumor immunogen.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tumor comprises malignant solid tumor, hematological tumor, benign tumor, metastatic tumor, or combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phenotype of the mature dendritic cells is CD11C+CD86+MHCII+.