Method for producing forged crankshaft
A production method includes a preforming process, a forming process and a finish forging process. In the preforming process, an intermediate preform is formed from a billet. In the forming process, while each of a plurality of rough journals of the intermediate preform is held and pressed vertically by a pair of holding dies, rough pins are decentered in directions perpendicular to the pressing direction by the holding dies and an axial direction of the intermediate preform, and the intermediate preform is pressed in the axial direction of the intermediate preform. In the finish forging process, a final preform is placed such that the directions in which the rough pins are decentered are parallel to a horizontal direction, and the thus placed final preform is pressed vertically by a pair of pressing dies. The production method reduces the risk of occurrence of seams on a forged crankshaft.
1. A production method of a forged crankshaft including: a plurality of journals defining an axis of rotation; a plurality of pins decentered with respect to the journals; and a plurality of crankarms that connect the journals with the pins, respectively, wherein at least one of the crankarms includes a counterweight, the production method comprising:
a preforming process for forming an intermediate preform from a billet, the intermediate preform including a plurality of rough journals to be formed into the plurality of journals, a plurality of rough pins to be formed into the plurality of pins, and a plurality of primary rough crankarms to be formed into the plurality of crankarms;
a forming process for forming a final preform by, while holding and vertically pressing each of the plurality of rough journals of the intermediate preform by a pair of holding dies, decentering the rough pins in directions perpendicular to a pressing direction by the holding dies and an axial direction of the intermediate preform and pressing the intermediate preform in the axial direction of the intermediate preform, the final preform including a plurality of secondary rough crankarms of which shapes are more similar to shapes of the crankarms than shapes of the primary rough crankarms are; and
a finish forging process for forming a finish-forged product by placing the final preform such that the directions in which the rough pins are decentered are parallel to a horizontal direction and pressing the thus placed final preform vertically by a pair of pressing dies, the finish-forged product including the plurality of journals, the plurality of pins and the plurality of crankarms.
2. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein in the forming process, material is caused to flow out along horizontally extended die parting surfaces of the holding dies, so that the final preform includes flash.
3. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is completed after the decentering of the rough pins is completed.
4. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is completed before the decentering of the rough pins is completed.
5. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is completed at a time when the decentering of the rough pins is completed.
6. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein:
in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is performed by a hydraulic cylinder; and
in the forming process, the decentering of the rough pins is performed by a wedge fixed on a base which pushes the holding dies via an extension and contraction mechanism.
7. The production method according to claim 2 , wherein in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is completed after the decentering of the rough pins is completed.
8. The production method according to claim 2 , wherein in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is completed before the decentering of the rough pins is completed.
9. The production method according to claim 2 , wherein in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is completed at a time when the decentering of the rough pins is completed.
10. The production method according to claim 2 , wherein:
in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is performed by a hydraulic cylinder; and
in the forming process, the decentering of the rough pins is performed by a wedge fixed on a base which pushes the holding dies via an extension and contraction mechanism.
11. The production method according to claim 3 , wherein:
in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is performed by a hydraulic cylinder; and
in the forming process, the decentering of the rough pins is performed by a wedge fixed on a base which pushes the holding dies via an extension and contraction mechanism.
12. The production method according to claim 4 , wherein:
in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is performed by a hydraulic cylinder; and
in the forming process, the decentering of the rough pins is performed by a wedge fixed on a base which pushes the holding dies via an extension and contraction mechanism.
13. The production method according to claim 5 , wherein:
in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is performed by a hydraulic cylinder; and
in the forming process, the decentering of the rough pins is performed by a wedge fixed on a base which pushes the holding dies via an extension and contraction mechanism.
14. The production method according to claim 7 , wherein:
in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is performed by a hydraulic cylinder; and
in the forming process, the decentering of the rough pins is performed by a wedge fixed on a base which pushes the holding dies via an extension and contraction mechanism.
15. The production method according to claim 8 , wherein:
in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is performed by a hydraulic cylinder; and
in the forming process, the decentering of the rough pins is performed by a wedge fixed on a base which pushes the holding dies via an extension and contraction mechanism.
16. The production method according to claim 9 , wherein:
in the forming process, the pressing of the intermediate preform in the axial direction thereof is performed by a hydraulic cylinder; and
in the forming process, the decentering of the rough pins is performed by a wedge fixed on a base which pushes the holding dies via an extension and contraction mechanism.