Reducing dissipation and frequency noise in quantum devices using a local vacuum cavity
A device includes: a substrate including a superconductor quantum device, the superconductor quantum device including a superconductor material that exhibits superconducting properties at or below a corresponding critical temperature; a cap layer bonded to the substrate; and a sealed cavity between the cap layer and the substrate.
1. A device comprising:
a substrate comprising a superconductor quantum computing circuit device, the superconductor quantum computing circuit device comprising a superconductor material that exhibits superconducting properties at or below a corresponding critical temperature;
a cap layer bonded to the substrate to form a sealed cavity entirely enclosed within and by the cap layer and the substrate, wherein a surface of the cap layer that faces the sealed cavity comprises a roughened getter layer, and wherein the pressure within the sealed cavity is less than or equal to about 10 −6 Torr.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the cap layer comprises a first superconductor layer, the substrate comprises a second superconductor layer, and the first superconductor layer is directly bonded to the second superconductor.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein each of the first superconductor layer and the second superconductor layer comprises aluminum.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein a distance between a surface of the substrate facing the sealed cavity and a surface of the cap layer facing the sealed cavity is greater than about 50 microns.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the distance between the surface of the substrate facing the sealed cavity and the surface of the cap layer facing the sealed cavity is greater than about 200 microns.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the sealed cavity provides a local vacuum, and the device is arranged in a chamber having a pressure that is higher than the pressure within the sealed cavity.
7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the chamber is within a cryostat.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the pressure within the sealed cavity is less than or equal to about 10′ Torr.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the cap layer is directly bonded to the substrate.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the superconductor quantum computing circuit device comprises a qubit, a co-planar waveguide, an inductor or an interdigitated capacitor.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein the getter layer comprises titanium (Ti) or zirconium vanadium titanium (ZrVTi).
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein a native oxide is removed from a surface of the getter layer.
13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is arranged within a cryostat.