Lubricating block copolymers and their use as biomimetic boundary lubricants
The invention relates to methods of lubricating biological tissue, such as joints, bone, ocular tissue, nasal tissue, tendons, tendon capsule, and vaginal tissue, by contacting the biological tissue with an effective amount of a block copolymer lubricating composition which functions at least or better than lubricin. In particular embodiments, the method is used to treat osteoarthritis. In specific embodiments, the block copolymer has an ammonium-containing polymer block and a non-ionic hydrophilic polymer block, or the copolymer has a carboxylic acid-containing polymer block and a non-acid non-ionic hydrophilic polymer block.
1. A block copolymer having the following structure:
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups having at least one and up to twelve carbon atoms;
X and X′ are independently selected from —NR′—, —O—, and a bond, wherein R′ is selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups having at least one and up to six carbon atoms;
Y is a polyalkylene glycol;
subscript a is an integer in a range of 3-40;
subscript b is an integer in a range of 30-500; and
subscript c is an integer of at least 1;
wherein, by the laws of chemistry, the block copolymer is terminated on each end by terminal groups, and the total positive charge of quaternary ammonium groups in the copolymer is counterbalanced by a total negative charge of equivalent magnitude provided by anions associated with said ammonium groups.
2. The block copolymer of claim 1 , wherein said polyalkylene glycol is polyethylene glycol.
3. The block copolymer of claim 1 , wherein said polyalkylene glycol is constructed of at least two and up to 500 monomer units.
4. The block copolymer of claim 1 , wherein said polyalkylene glycol is constructed of at least two and up to 200 monomer units.
5. The block copolymer of claim 1 , wherein said polyalkylene glycol is constructed of at least two and up to 100 monomer units.
6. The block copolymer of claim 1 , wherein said polyalkylene glycol is constructed of at least two and up to 20 monomer units.
7. The block copolymer of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from alkyl groups having at least one and up to twelve carbon atoms.
8. The block copolymer of claim 1 , wherein at least one of said terminal groups is a thiol group.
9. A method for imparting increased lubricity to a biological tissue, the method comprising contacting said biological tissue with a sufficient amount of a composition to impart increase lubricity, said composition comprising a block copolymer having the following structure:
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups having at least one and up to twelve carbon atoms;
X and X′ are independently selected from —NR′—, —O—, and a bond, wherein R′ is selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups having at least one and up to six carbon atoms;
Y is a polyalkylene glycol;
subscript a is an integer in a range of 3-40;
subscript b is an integer in a range of 30-500; and
subscript c is an integer of at least 1;
wherein, by the laws of chemistry, the block copolymer is terminated on each end by terminal groups, and the total positive charge of quaternary ammonium groups in the copolymer is counterbalanced by a total negative charge of equivalent magnitude provided by anions associated with said ammonium groups.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein at least one of said terminal groups is a thiol group.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein said biological tissue is selected from joints, bone, ocular tissue, nasal tissue, tendons, tendon capsule, and vaginal tissue.
12. A block copolymer having the following structure:
wherein:
R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups having at least one and up to twelve carbon atoms;
X and X′ are independently selected from —NR′—, —O—, and a bond, wherein R′ is selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups having at least one and up to six carbon atoms;
Y is selected from polyalkylene glycol, saccharide, and polyalcohol;
subscript a is an integer in a range of 3-40;
subscript b is an integer in a range of 30-500; and
subscript c is an integer of at least 1;
wherein, by the laws of chemistry, the block copolymer is terminated on each end by terminal groups, wherein at least one of said terminal groups is a thiol group, and the total positive charge of quaternary ammonium groups in the copolymer is counterbalanced by a total negative charge of equivalent magnitude provided by anions associated with said ammonium groups.