Moiré target and method for using the same in measuring misregistration of semiconductor devices

1. A target for use in optical measurement of misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices, the target comprising:

a first periodic structure formed on a first layer of a semiconductor device and having a first pitch along an axis; and

a second periodic structure formed on a second layer of said semiconductor device and having a second pitch along said axis, different from said first pitch, said second periodic structure extending beyond said first periodic structure along said axis in two opposite directions by at least a distance of twice the second pitch.

2. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said first pitch and said second pitch are each smaller than 2000 nm.

3. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said first pitch and said second pitch are each smaller than 650 nm.

4. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said first and second pitches are such that when said target is illuminated by light of at least one wavelength there results a moiré pattern having a third pitch, said third pitch being larger than said at least one wavelength.

5. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said target has an area smaller than 50 μm×50 μm.

6. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said target has an area smaller than 4 μm×4 μm.

7. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said target has an area smaller than 2 μm×2 μm.

8. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said target is rectangular in shape.

9. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said first periodic structure is defined by lines and spaces between said lines, said lines and said spaces between said lines each having a width equal to 50% of said first pitch.

10. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said first periodic structure is defined by lines and spaces between said lines, said lines each having a width of 10% 90% of said first pitch.

11. A target according to claim 9 , wherein each of said lines of said first periodic structure is defined by a plurality of sub-lines and sub-spaces between said sub-lines, wherein said sub-lines and sub-spaces between said sub-lines of said first periodic structure have a pitch of approximately 12 nm 50 nm.

12. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said second periodic structure is defined by lines and spaces between said lines, said lines and said spaces between said lines each having a width equal to 50% of said second pitch.

13. A target according to claim 1 , wherein said second periodic structure is defined by lines and spaces between said lines, said lines each having a width of 10%-90% of said second pitch.

14. A target according to claim 12 , wherein each of said lines of said second periodic structure is defined by a plurality of sub-lines and sub-spaces between said sub-lines, wherein said sub-lines and sub-spaces between said sub-lines of said second periodic structure have a pitch of approximately 12 nm-50 nm.

15. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices comprising:

providing a multilayered semiconductor device comprising at least a first layer and a second layer, wherein said device comprises a target comprising:

a first periodic structure formed on said first layer and having a first pitch along an axis; and

a second periodic structure formed on said second layer and having a second pitch along said axis, different from said first pitch, said second periodic structure extending beyond said first periodic structure in two opposite directions along said axis by at least a distance of twice the second pitch;

illuminating said target with light of at least one wavelength, resulting in a moiré pattern characterized by a third pitch; and

performing analysis of said moiré pattern to ascertain misregistration of said first layer and said second layer along said axis.

16. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 15 , wherein said first pitch and said second pitch are each smaller than said at least one wavelength.

17. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 15 , wherein said third pitch is larger than said at least one wavelength.

18. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 15 , wherein said first pitch and said second pitch are each larger than said at least one wavelength.

19. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 15 , wherein said first periodic structure is defined by lines and spaces between said lines, said lines and said spaces between said lines of said first periodic structure each having a width equal to 50% of said first pitch.

20. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 15 , wherein said first periodic structure is defined by lines and spaces between said lines, said lines of said first periodic structure each having a width of 10%-90% of said first pitch.

21. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 19 , wherein each of said lines of said first periodic structure is defined by a plurality of sub-lines and sub-spaces between said sub-lines, wherein said sub-lines and sub-spaces between said sub-lines of said first periodic structure have a pitch of approximately 12 nm-50 nm.

22. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 15 , wherein said second periodic structure is defined by lines and spaces between said lines, said lines and said spaces between said lines of said second periodic structure each having a width equal to 50% of said second pitch.

23. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 15 , wherein said second periodic structure is defined by lines and spaces between said lines, said lines of said second periodic structure each having a width of 10%-90% of said second pitch.

24. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 22 , wherein each of said lines of said second periodic structure is defined by a plurality of sub-lines and sub-spaces between said sub-lines, wherein said sub-lines and sub-spaces between said sub-lines of said second periodic structure have a pitch of approximately 12 nm-50 nm.

25. A method of measuring misregistration in the manufacture of semiconductor devices according to claim 15 , wherein:

said second periodic structure is characterized by a first center of symmetry;

said illuminating of said target results in a signal from said target, said signal comprising a sinusoidal variation due to said moiré pattern, said sinusoidal variation characterized by a second center of symmetry; and

said analysis of said moiré pattern to ascertain said misregistration of said first layer and said second layer along said axis comprises comparison of locations of said first center of symmetry and said second center of symmetry.