Acoustic transducer with gap-controlling geometry and method of manufacturing an acoustic transducer
A transducer of the preferred embodiment including a transducer and a plurality of adjacent, tapered cantilevered beams. Each of the beams define a beam base, a beam tip, and a beam body disposed between the beam base and the beam tip. The beams are arranged such that each of the beam tips extends toward a common area. Each beam is joined to the substrate along the beam base and is free from the substrate along the beam body. A preferred method of manufacturing a transducer can include: depositing alternating layers of piezoelectric and electrode onto the substrate in block, processing the deposited layers to define cantilever geometry in block, depositing metal traces in block, and releasing the cantilevered beams from the substrate in block.
1. A transducer comprising:
a substrate having a central void region in the substrate;
a plurality of cantilevered beams, each comprising a tapered beam body that extends from a beam base portion to a beam tip portion over the central void region, and with beam base portions supported over portions of the substrate, and with beam tip portions extending towards a common area, and with at least a portion of each of some of the cantilevered beams comprising:
at least one layer of a piezoelectric material;
a first electrode layer supported on a top surface of the at least one layer; and
a second electrode layer supported on a bottom surface of the at least one layer.
2. The transducer of claim 1 wherein each tapered cantilevered beam is joined to the substrate along the beam base.
3. The transducer of claim 1 wherein each tapered cantilevered beam is joined to the substrate adjacent to the central void in the substrate and along the beam base through a portion of the at least one piezoelectric layer.
4. The transducer of claim 1 wherein each tapered cantilevered beam is joined to the substrate adjacent to the central void in the substrate and along the beam base, through a portion of the second electrode layer that is on the bottom surface of the at least one piezoelectric layer.
5. The transducer of claim 1 wherein each of the tapered cantilevered beams being free from the substrate along the beam body and beam tip.
6. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the one or more piezoelectric layers are comprised of one or more of aluminum nitride (AlN) lead zirconate titanate (PZT), zinc oxide (ZnO), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), lead mangnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT).
7. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the electrode layers are comprised of one or more of molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt).
8. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the substrate is comprised of a silicon or silicon-based compound or derivative or fiberglass, glass, or any suitable combination of materials.
9. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the first layer of the cantilever beam is on a SiO2 layer.
10. The transducer of claim 1 wherein adjacent transducer beams are spaced by substantially uniform gaps having a gap width approximately 1 micron or less.
11. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the transducer is a microphone.
12. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the transducer is a microphone and the cantilevered beams have a triangular shape, with the beam bases providing a substantially polygonal perimeter about the central void.