Colorant and additive concentrate carrier system with efficacy over a wide range of polymeric processing temperatures
A concentrate carrier system for adding colorants and/or other additives to resin formulations over a broad range of processing temperatures is described. The carrier system includes at least 20 wt. % of a base acrylate copolymer, such as ethyl-methyl acrylate, provided in combination with less than 30 wt. % of polycarpolactone, or a similar ring-opened cyclic ester or ether derivatives. The remainder, which may include an optional organic plasticizer such as epoxidized soybean oil, is dedicated to an additive package that may include colorants, property enhancers, and/or non-property fillers.
1. A solid concentrate carrier system for use in thermoplastic or thermosetting resin formulations, the concentrate comprising:
an acrylate copolymer comprising at least 20 wt. % of the concentrate;
a polycaprolactone element comprising polycaprolactone, and optionally having one or more functional groups pendant thereto, said polycaprolactone element comprising less than 30 wt. % of the concentrate;
an additive package comprising a remainder of the concentrate, said additive package including at least one selected from: colorants, property enhancers, and non-property fillers; and
wherein the concentrate retains a solid form at ambient temperatures and the additive package remains viable in low melting resin systems and engineered resin systems at processing temperatures ranging from 90° C. or less up to at least 200° C.
2. The concentrate carrier system of claim 1 wherein the acrylate polymer includes ethyl-methyl acrylate copolymer.
3. The concentrate carrier system of claim 1 wherein the acrylate copolymer is less than 50 wt. % of the concentrate.
4. The concentrate carrier system of claim 1 wherein the additive package is at least 50 wt. % of the concentrate.
5. The concentrate carrier system of claim 1 wherein the additive package is at least 75 wt. % of the concentrate.
6. The concentrate carrier system of claim 1 wherein the additive package includes at least one selected from: organic and inorganic pigments, dyes, alumina, mica, pearlescent effects, laser markers, and metallocene polyethylene.
7. The concentrate carrier system of claim 1 wherein the additive package includes at least one selected from: zinc stearate, calcium-fatty acid, process modifiers, a mold release agent, a biocide, a UV stabilizer, a heat stabilizer, an anti-oxidant, a radical scavenger, an acid scavenger, an anti-static filler, and a conductive filler.
8. The concentrate carrier system of claim 1 wherein the additive package includes at least one selected from: calcium carbonate, clay, silica, talcum powder, rice husk ash, and ash.
9. A solid concentrate carrier system for use in thermoplastic or thermosetting resin formulations, the concentrate comprising:
an acrylate copolymer comprising at least 20 wt. % but less than 50 wt. % of the concentrate;
at polycaprolactone derivative comprising less than 30 wt. % of the concentrate, said polycaprolactone including at least one selected from: (i) polymers of functionalized caprolactone, (ii) polymers of caprolactone, (iii) polymers functionalized lactone having a ring structure containing between 2 to 6 carbons within the ring structure, (iv) polymers of lactone having a ring structure containing between 2 to 6 carbons within the ring structure, (v) copolymers of functionalized lactone having a ring structure containing between 2 to 6 carbons within the ring structure and at least one branched and/or straight chain aliphatic monomer having between 2 and 20 carbons in total, said monomers further containing optional carboxyl and/or hydroxyl functional groups, and (vi) copolymers of lactone having a ring structure containing between 2 to 6 carbons within the ring structure and at least one branched and/or straight chain aliphatic monomer having between 1 and 20 carbons in total;
a plasticizer comprising between 0.5 and 30 wt. % of the concentrate;
an additive package comprising a remainder of the concentrate, said additive package including at least one selected from: colorants, property enhancers, and non-property fillers; and
wherein the concentrate retains a solid form at ambient temperatures and the additive package remains viable in low melting resin systems and engineered resin systems at processing temperatures ranging from 90° C. or less up to at least 200° C.
10. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the plasticizer consists essentially of epoxidized soybean oil.
11. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein only polycaprolactone is provided and said polycaprolactone is 5 wt. % or less of the total concentrate.
12. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein, when present, the monomers, the functionalized caprolactone, and/or the functionalized lactone include at least one functional group selected from: carboxyl, hydroxyl, methyl, butyl, propyl, and isopropyl.
13. A solid concentrate carrier system for use in resin formulations having processing temperatures ranging from 90° C. or less up to at least 200° C., the system consisting essentially of:
17.0 to 45.0 wt. % of ethyl-methyl acrylate copolymer;
3.0 to 5.0 wt. % of at least one selected from: polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkonates, polyglycolide, polylactide, and any of the foregoing optionally having one or more functional groups pendant thereto;
0.0 to 20.0 wt. % of plasticizer; and
an additive package consisting of 2.0 to 30.0 wt. % (relative to the concentrate carrier system) of colorants, 0.8 to 18.5 wt. % (relative to the concentrate carrier system) of property enhancers, and 0.0 to 41.0 wt. % (relative to the concentrate carrier system) of non-property fillers.
14. The system according to claim 13 wherein the plasticizer is provided between 0.5 to 20.0 wt. %.
15. The system according to claim 14 wherein the plasticizer consists essentially of epoxidized soybean oil.
16. The system according to claim 14 wherein the property enhancers consist of at least one selected from: a process modifier, a UV stabilizer, and an anti-oxidant.
17. The system according to claim 16 wherein the process modifier is zinc stearate and/or calcium-fatty acid.
18. The system according to claim 13 wherein the non-property filler is provided between 27.2 and 41.0 wt. %.
19. The system according to claim 18 wherein the non-property filler consists essentially of calcium carbonate.
20. The system according to claim 13 wherein the additive package only includes colorants and property enhancers.
21. The system according to claim 20 wherein the property enhancers are provided at or less than 1.3 wt. %.