Film deposition apparatus with gas entraining openings
A film deposition apparatus includes a body formed with openings and cavity, a spray assembly, and a gas assembly. The spray assembly sprays a precursor stream into the cavity for forming a film on a substrate. The gas assembly injects one or more gases into the cavity through the openings to shape the precursor stream and improve directionality and utilization of the precursor stream. The film deposition apparatus can operate with one or more plasma generators to form a laminated film on the substrate. The laminated film may have three layers of film: a first film formed through reaction of a first precursor with plasma, a second film being a composite of the first precursor and a second precursor, and a third film formed through sonification of the second precursor on top of the second film. The second precursor can infiltrate into the first film and fill defects therein.
1. An apparatus for film deposition, comprising:
a spray assembly configured to spray a stream of precursor towards a substrate for forming a film on the substrate; and
a body comprising a wall defining a cavity into which the stream of precursor is sprayed, the spray assembly mounted at a top portion of the wall, the top portion of the wall formed with:
a first opening enclosing at least a portion of the spray assembly, the first opening extending towards the substrate and configured to introduce a first entraining gas into the cavity, and
a second opening enclosing at least a portion of the spray assembly, the second opening extending towards the substrate, located further away from the spray assembly than the first opening, and configured to introduce a second entraining gas into the cavity, the first entraining gas and the second entraining gas to shape the stream of precursor and to prevent the precursor coming into contact with sides of the wall or reduce an amount of the precursor coming into contact with the sides of the wall,
wherein the wall is further formed with one or more exhaust ports to discharge remaining precursor from the cavity.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the wall is formed with one or more gas channels located further away from the spray assembly than the second opening to inject a curtain gas.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a plasma generator located between the cavity and the one or more exhaust ports generates plasma for depositing the film or treating the deposited film.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein a part of the precursor is exposed to the plasma before the part of the precursor contacts the substrate.
5. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the plasma generator comprises a first outer electrode and a second outer electrode, the first outer electrode is closer to the cavity than the second outer electrode, and a height of a bottom of the first outer electrode from the substrate is lower than a height of a bottom of the second inner electrode from the substrate.
6. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the plasma generator comprises a first outer electrode and a second outer electrode, the first outer electrode is closer to the cavity than the second outer electrode, and a height of a bottom of the first outer electrode from the substrate is higher than a height of a bottom of the second inner electrode from the substrate.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a motor to cause relative motion between the substrate and the body.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the body and the cavity have circular cross-sections or rectangular cross-sections.