Organic light-emitting display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same
An organic light-emitting display apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof have improved process stability and reliability by reducing damage to the organic light-emitting display apparatus during a manufacturing process. The organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate, a plurality of pixel electrodes, a pixel defining film, a plurality of hole control layers respectively arranged on the pixel electrodes, a plurality of emission layers respectively arranged on the hole control layers, a plurality of buffer layers respectively arranged on the emission layers, each of the buffer layers having a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level greater than the HOMO energy level of each of the plurality of emission layers, and an opposite electrode integrally provided over the buffer layers.
1. A display apparatus comprising:
a substrate;
a plurality of pixel electrodes patterned on the substrate and spaced apart from each other;
a pixel defining film defining a pixel area by exposing a center portion of each of the plurality of pixel electrodes and covering an edge of each of the plurality of pixel electrodes;
a plurality of hole control layers respectively arranged on the plurality of pixel electrodes that are exposed through the pixel area;
a plurality of emission layers respectively arranged on the plurality of hole control layers;
a plurality of buffer layers respectively arranged directly on the plurality of emission layers to physically contact the plurality of emission layers, respectively, each of the plurality of buffer layers having a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level greater than the HOMO energy level of each of the plurality of emission layers; and
an opposite electrode integrally provided over the plurality of buffer layers,
wherein end portions of the plurality of hole control layers, the plurality of emission layers, and the plurality of buffer layers, which are on any one of the plurality of pixel electrodes, are aligned with one another.
2. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of each of the plurality of buffer layers has a value between a work function of the opposite electrode and the LUMO energy level of each of the plurality of emission layers.
3. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of hole control layers comprises at least one selected from a hole injection layer (HIL) and a hole transport layer (HTL).
4. The display apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an electronic control layer that is integrally provided between the plurality of buffer layers and the opposite electrode.
5. The display apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of each of the plurality of buffer layers has a value between the LUMO energy level of the electronic control layer and the LUMO energy level of each of the plurality of emission layers.
6. The display apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the electronic control layer comprises at least one selected from an electron injection layer (EIL) and an electron transport layer (EML).
7. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of buffer layers comprise a low molecular weight organic material.
8. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of buffer layers comprise an electron transport material.
9. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of buffer layers comprise a metal oxide material.
10. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of pixel electrodes comprise a first pixel electrode configured to emit red light, a second pixel electrode configured to emit green light, and a third pixel electrode configured to emit blue light, and
the plurality of emission layers comprise a red emission layer provided corresponding to the first pixel electrode, a green emission layer provided corresponding to the second pixel electrode, and a blue emission layer provided corresponding to the third pixel electrode.