Methods of detecting gene fusions
Disclosed herein are methods of detecting presence of a gene fusion in a sample from a subject. In some embodiments, the methods of detecting presence of a fusion gene in a sample from a subject utilize a fusion probe that spans the point of fusion between two nucleic acids or genes. In other embodiments, the methods of detecting presence of a fusion gene in a sample from a subject utilize two or more probes that flank the point of fusion between two nucleic acids or genes. In additional embodiments, the methods can include determining the percentage of gene fusion in the sample relative to the first nucleic acid or the second nucleic acid.
1. A method of detecting presence of a target gene fusion in a sample from a subject, comprising:
contacting the sample with one or more fusion probes comprising a 5′ portion complementary to a first nucleic acid and a 3′ portion complementary to a second nucleic acid under conditions sufficient for the probe to specifically hybridize to the target gene fusion, wherein the fusion probe spans a fusion point of the first nucleic acid and the second nucleic acid;
contacting the sample with a nuclease specific for single-stranded nucleic acids thereby removing the single stranded molecules;
degrading the target gene fusion, thereby leaving an amount of fusion probe directly proportional to an amount of probe hybridized to the target gene fusion; and
detecting the presence of the one or more fusion probes by sequencing, wherein the detecting is quantitative, thereby detecting presence of the target gene fusion in the sample.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fusion probe is about 10 to 200 nucleotides in length.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first nucleic acid and the second nucleic acid are DNA, cDNA, RNA, mRNA, or a combination thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising PCR amplification and/or ligation prior to the sequencing.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the sample with one or more fusion probes comprises contacting the sample with 2-50 fusion probes.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises tissue, a tumor biopsy, blood, or a bodily fluid.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fusion probe comprises the nucleic acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 177-184, or the complement thereof.