Lithium ion battery suppression system
The present invention is a fire suppression apparatus for mitigating a battery fire and the effects of a thermal event within a battery pack. The system comprises a fire suppressant apparatus that is incorporated into the storage modules of the lithium ion batteries. Each storage module includes a container filled with a fire suppressant that is pressurized with a compressed gas.
1. A lithium ion battery suppression system, comprising:
at least one modular battery pack contained within a first battery pack enclosure and comprised of a plurality of cells;
a canister filled with a pressurized fire suppressant;
a distribution tube network having at least one distribution tube mounted along each said modular battery pack coupled to said canister; and
at least one fusible plug mounted between each said distribution tube and said modular batter pack, retaining said pressurized fire suppressant;
wherein upon a thermal event occurring within said modular battery pack, said fusible plug mounted closest to the thermal event will release said fire suppressant and allow said fire suppressant to flow from said canister through said distribution tube network and into said modular battery pack, said fire suppressant substantially retaining all by-products of the thermal event.
2. The lithium ion battery suppression system of claim 1 , wherein said fire suppressant is of sufficient volume to fill voids in the modular battery pack.
3. The lithium ion battery suppression system of claim 1 wherein said fusible plug released upon the thermal event reaching a predetermined temperature.
4. The lithium ion battery suppression system of claim 3 wherein said predetermined temperature is indicative of a thermal runaway.
5. The lithium ion battery suppression system of claim 1 wherein including a spray nozzle fluidly coupled to each said fusible plug, said spray nozzle providing directional flow of fire suppressant released through said fusible plug.
6. The lithium ion battery suppression system of claim 1 wherein said fire suppressant is a hydrated super absorbent polymer.
7. The lithium ion battery suppression system of claim 6 wherein said hydrated super absorbent polymer is FireIce® admixed at a ratio of about 5-8 pounds of dry super absorbent polymer to about 100 gallons of water.
8. The lithium ion battery suppression system of claim 1 wherein a volume of said fire suppressant stored in said canister is limited to the amount of volume necessary to fill the voided space in a single module.