Contiguity particle formation and methods of use
Embodiments of systems, methods, and compositions provided herein relate to hollow beads encapsulating single cells. Some embodiments include performing multiple co-assays on a single cell encapsulated within a hollow bead, including nucleic acid sequencing, preparing nucleic acid libraries, determining methylation status, identifying genomic variants, or protein analysis.
1. A method of performing multiple sequential co-assays on a single cell encapsulated within a hollow bead, comprising:
obtaining a hollow bead encapsulating a single cell, wherein the hollow bead comprises:
a polymer shell comprising PEG-epoxide and amine dissolved in oil or PEG-epoxide and PEG-amine; and
a single cell disposed within the polymer shell,
wherein the polymer shell comprises pores that allow diffusion of reagents through the polymer shell while retaining the single cell; and
sequentially contacting the single cell with the reagents to perform multiple sequential co-assays.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein an interior of the polymer shell comprises an aqueous environment.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the single cell disposed within the polymer shell is free from interaction with the polymer shell and/or is not in contact with the polymer shell.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hollow bead has a diameter of about 20 μm to about 200 μm.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer shell comprises a four-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG).
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the single cell is a mammalian cell.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reagents comprise enzymes, chemicals, and primers having a size of less than 50 base pairs.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the reagents comprise one or more of a lysozyme, proteinase K, random hexamers, polymerase, transposase, primers, ligase, catalyzing enzyme, deoxynucleotide triphosphates, buffers, or divalent cations.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multiple sequential co-assays comprise lysis, DNA analysis, RNA analysis, protein analysis, tagmentation, nucleic acid amplification, nucleic acid sequencing, DNA library preparation, assay for transposase accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq), contiguity-preserving transposition sequencing (CPT-seq), single cell combinatorial indexed sequencing (SCI-seq), or single cell genome amplification, or any combination thereof performed sequentially.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hollow bead encapsulating a single cell is seeded on a solid support.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the solid support is an etched surface, a well, a flow-cell device, a microfluidic channel, a bead, or a column.