Polyphosphate-functionalized inorganic nanoparticles as hemostatic compositions and methods of use
A hemostatic composition is provided. The hemostatic composition includes a hemostatically effective amount of a hemostatic agent that includes a nanoparticle and a polyphosphate polymer attached to the nanoparticle. Also provided are medical devices and methods of use to promote blood clotting.
1. A method of promoting blood clotting in a subject, the method comprising:
administering to the subject a hemostatic composition for a period of time sufficient to at least initiate blood clotting,
wherein the hemostatic composition comprises:
a hemostatically effective amount of a hemostatic agent comprising:
a nanoparticle comprising a shell and a core comprising silver; and
a polyphosphate polymer attached to the nanoparticle.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the administering comprises intravenously administering the hemostatic composition to the subject.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hemostatic composition initiates blood clotting through the activated Factor X (FXa) coagulation pathway in the subject.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject has a coagulopathic condition and the method is effective for treating the coagulopathic condition in the subject.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein a concentration of a procoagulant factor in the subject is insufficient to have a hemostatic effect.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the coagulopathic condition comprises dilution of a procoagulant factor in the subject.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the coagulopathic condition comprises hypothermia in the subject.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the coagulopathic condition comprises acidosis in the subject.
9. The method of claim 4 , wherein the coagulopathic condition comprises an increase in an anticoagulant factor in the subject.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises administering a biologically active agent to the subject.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the biologically active agent comprises a second hemostatic agent.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the second hemostatic agent comprises Factor VIIa.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the second hemostatic agent comprises thromboxane A2.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the biologically active agent comprises an anti-inflammatory agent.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the biologically active agent comprises an antibiotic agent.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polyphosphate polymer is attached to the nanoparticle through a linking group.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the method further comprises disrupting binding of the polyphosphate polymer to the nanoparticle at a target site of action in the subject.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hemostatic composition comprises a protecting group.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the protecting group is attached to the hemostatic agent by a cleavable linking group.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the method further comprises cleaving the cleavable linking group to release the polyphosphate polymer from the nanoparticle at a target site of action in the subject.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hemostatic composition comprises a specific binding agent that specifically binds to a target site of action in the subject.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises tracking the hemostatic composition in the subject.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the method further comprises imaging the hemostatic composition in the subject.
24. A method of making a hemostatic composition, the method comprising:
attaching a polyphosphate polymer to a nanoparticle, wherein the nanoparticle comprises a shell and a core comprising silver.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the polyphosphate polymer is covalently attached to the nanoparticle.
26. The method of claim 24 , wherein the nanoparticle comprises a silica nanoparticle.
27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the silica nanoparticle comprises silica spheres.
28. The method of claim 26 , wherein the silica nanoparticle comprises a mesocellular foam.
29. The method of claim 24 , wherein the nanoparticle comprises a material selected from the group consisting of iron oxide, diatomaceous earth, an aluminosilicate, an oxide of a transition metal, and titanium dioxide.
30. The method of claim 24 , wherein the polyphosphate polymer comprises 20 to 1500 phosphate monomers.
31. The method of claim 24 , wherein the method further comprises binding a polypeptide to the nanoparticle.
32. The method of claim 31 , wherein the polypeptide comprises an enzyme.
33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the enzyme comprises thrombin.
34. The method of claim 24 , wherein the method further comprises attaching a polymer to the nanoparticle.
35. The method of claim 34 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polypropylene glycol, poly(carboxybetaine), poly(sulfobetaine), poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate) (PCBMA), poloxamers, polylactonic acid, hyaluronic acid, cellulose, polyurethane, poly(ethylene vinyl acetate), silicone, polyacrylic acid, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, poly(ester urethane), poly(ether urethane), poly(ester urea), polyether, polyvinyl, parylene, poly(hydroxybutylate), poly(alkyl carbonate), poly(orthoester), polyester, poly(hydroxyvaleric acid), polydioxanone, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(malic acid), poly(tartronic acid), polyanhydride, and polyphosphohazene, and copolymers thereof.
36. The method of claim 35 , wherein the polymer comprises PEG.
37. The method of claim 36 , wherein the PEG has an average molecular mass of 1000 Da or more.
38. The method of claim 24 , wherein the method further comprises thermally treating the nanoparticle.
39. The method of claim 24 , wherein the method further comprises centrifuging the hemostatic composition.