Method for producing nanoparticles and the nanoparticles produced therefrom
Disclosed herein is a method comprising disposing a container containing a metal and/or ferromagnetic solid and abrasive particles in a static magnetic field; where the container is surrounded by an induction coil; activating the induction coil with an electrical current, to heat up the metallic or ferromagnetic solid to form a fluid; generating sonic energy to produce acoustic cavitation and abrasion between the abrasive particles and the container; and producing nanoparticles that comprise elements from the container, the metal and/or the ferromagnetic solid and the abrasive particles. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising first metal or a first ceramic; and particles comprising carbides and/or nitrides dispersed therein. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising nanoparticles comprising chromium carbide, iron carbide, nickel carbide, γ-Fe and magnesium nickel.
1. A method comprising:
disposing a container containing a metal and/or ferromagnetic solid and abrasive particles in a static magnetic field; where the container is surrounded by an induction coil;
activating the induction coil with an electrical current, to heat up the metal and/or ferromagnetic solid to form a fluid;
generating sonic energy to produce acoustic cavitation and abrasion between the abrasive particles and the container; and
producing nanoparticles that comprise elements from the container, the metal and/or ferromagnetic solid and the abrasive particles.
2. The method of claim 1 , where the electric current interacts with the static magnetic field produced to produce an alternating Lorentz force in the container to produce melt sonication in the metal and/or ferromagnetic solid.
3. The method of claim 1 , where the container comprises iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, tin, antimony, titanium, tantalum, vanadium, hafnium, palladium, cadmium, zinc, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing metals.
4. The method of claim 1 , where the container comprises iron.
5. The method of claim 1 , where the container comprises stainless steel.
6. The method of claim 1 , where the container comprises iron, chromium and/or nickel.
7. The method of claim 1 , where the metal and/or ferromagnetic solid comprises magnesium.
8. The method of claim 1 , where the metal and/or ferromagnetic solid comprises magnesium, tin, lead, antimony, manganese, chromium, mercury, cadmium, silver, zinc, zirconium, silicon, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing metals.
9. The method of claim 1 , where the abrasive particles comprise carbon.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the container further contains carbonaceous particles in addition to the abrasive particles; where the carbonaceous particles are selected from the group consisting of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphite flakes or lumps, crystalline flake graphite, amorphous graphite, vein graphite, and any combination thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , where the abrasive particles comprise diamond.
12. The method of claim 1 , where the abrasive particles do not contain carbon.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the container further contains carbonaceous particles selected from the group consisting of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphite flakes or lumps, crystalline flake graphite, amorphous graphite, vein graphite, and any combination thereof.
14. The method of claim 1 , where the abrasive particles comprise diamonds, cubic boron nitride, steel abrasive, sand, pumice, emery, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, or a combination thereof.
15. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cooling the container and its contents to a temperature that permits solidification of the metal and/or ferromagnetic fluid with the nanoparticles disposed therein.
16. The method of claim 1 , where the method is a batch process.
17. The method of claim 1 , where the method is a continuous process.