Downlink user equipment selection
Aspects of the disclosure relate to a selection scheme implemented by a scheduler in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network to identify which users to schedule simultaneously during the same time slot. For downlink communications and a particular frequency wholeband or sub-band, the scheduler can determine downlink channel information using uplink channel information for channels between base stations and UEs. The scheduler can then determine a strength of the channels using the downlink channel information, order the UEs using a fairness metric based on the channel strengths, and compute one or more QR decompositions to identify whether a spatial dimension of a UE is roughly or approximately orthogonal to spatial dimension(s) of other UEs selected to be served during a time slot being scheduled. If the spatial dimensions are roughly or approximately orthogonal, the scheduler selects the UE to be served at the same time as other UEs already selected.
1. A network system comprising:
a plurality of transmit antenna elements of one or more serving nodes; and
a scheduler in communication with the plurality of transmit antenna elements, the scheduler comprising a processor and computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the scheduler to:
determine downlink channel information for channels between a plurality of receive antenna elements associated with a plurality of user equipment (UEs) and the plurality of transmit antenna elements;
determine, for each receive antenna element in the plurality, a channel strength based on the downlink channel information;
order the plurality of receive antenna elements based on the determined channel strengths; and
in order from highest-ordered receive antenna element to lowest-ordered receive antenna element, select the respective receive antenna element to be served by one or more of the plurality of transmit antenna elements during a first time slot in response to a determination that:
a measurement that represents a spatial orthogonality between the respective receive antenna element and one or more spatial elements of one or more other receive antenna elements in the plurality selected to be served by one or more of the plurality of transmit antenna elements is greater than a threshold value, and
a number of spatial dimensions provided by one or more receive antenna elements in the plurality selected to be served by one or more of the plurality of transmit antenna elements does not exceed a number of transmit antenna elements in the plurality of transmit antenna elements.
2. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to determine the threshold value based on channel coefficients of a channel associated with the highest-ordered receive antenna element.
3. The network system of claim 2 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to determine the threshold value based on a constant value that is the same for all receive antenna elements in the plurality.
4. The network system of claim 2 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to periodically determine the threshold value based on a constant value that changes based on a block error rate performance associated with at least one receive antenna element in the plurality.
5. The network system of claim 2 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to determine the threshold value based on a constant value that is different for receive antenna elements in the plurality.
6. The network system of claim 5 , wherein the constant value for a first receive antenna element in the plurality of receive antenna elements is based on interference between the first receive antenna element and one or more other receive antenna elements in the plurality.
7. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to:
acquire uplink channel information for the channels; and
determine the downlink channel information using the acquired uplink channel information.
8. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to order the plurality of receive antenna elements based on at least one of the determined channel strengths, latency priority, spectral efficiency, average throughput of the plurality of receive antenna elements over a threshold period of time, or normalized throughput of the plurality of receive antenna elements over the threshold period of time.
9. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to determine a downlink channel precoder for the selected receive antenna elements.
10. The network system of claim 1 , wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed, further cause the scheduler to select the respective receive antenna element to be served by one or more of the plurality of transmit antenna elements for one of a resource block, two or more resource blocks, or a frequency band of a carrier.
11. A computer-implemented method comprising:
determining downlink channel information for channels between a plurality of receive antenna elements associated with a plurality of user equipment (UEs) and a plurality of transmit antenna elements associated with a plurality of serving nodes;
determining, for each receive antenna element in the plurality, a channel strength based on the downlink channel information;
ordering the plurality of receive antenna elements based on the determined channel strengths; and
in order from highest-ordered receive antenna element to lowest-ordered receive antenna element, selecting the respective receive antenna element to be served by one or more of the plurality of transmit antenna elements during a first time slot in response to a determination that a measurement that represents a spatial orthogonality between the respective receive antenna element and one or more spatial elements of one or more other receive antenna elements in the plurality selected to be served by one or more of the plurality of transmit antenna elements is greater than a threshold value.
12. The computer-implemented method of claim 11 , further comprising determining the threshold value based on channel coefficients of a channel associated with the highest-ordered receive antenna element.
13. The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , wherein determining the threshold value further comprises determining the threshold value based on a constant value that is the same for all receive antenna elements in the plurality.
14. The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , wherein determining the threshold value further comprises periodically determining the threshold value based on a constant value that changes based on a block error rate performance associated with at least one receive antenna element in the plurality.
15. The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , wherein determining the threshold value further comprises determining the threshold value based on a constant value that is different for receive antenna elements in the plurality.
16. The computer-implemented method of claim 15 , wherein the constant value for a first receive antenna element in the plurality of receive antenna elements is based on interference between the first receive antenna element and one or more other receive antenna elements in the plurality.
17. The computer-implemented method of claim 11 , wherein determining downlink channel information further comprises:
acquiring uplink channel information for the channels; and
determining the downlink channel information using the acquired uplink channel information.
18. The computer-implemented method of claim 11 , wherein ordering the plurality of receive antenna elements further comprises ordering the plurality of receive antenna elements based on at least one of the determined channel strengths, latency priority, spectral efficiency, average throughput of the plurality of receive antenna elements over a threshold period of time, or normalized throughput of the plurality of receive antenna elements over the threshold period of time.
19. The computer-implemented method of claim 11 , further comprising determining a downlink channel precoder for the selected receive antenna elements.
20. Non-transitory, computer-readable storage media comprising computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions, when executed by a scheduler in a baseband unit, cause the baseband unit to:
determine downlink channel information for channels between a plurality of receive antenna elements associated with a plurality of user equipment (UEs) and a plurality of transmit antenna elements associated with a plurality of serving nodes;
determine, for each receive antenna element in the plurality, a channel strength based on the downlink channel information;
order the plurality of receive antenna elements based on the determined channel strengths; and
in order from highest-ordered receive antenna element to lowest-ordered receive antenna element, select the respective receive antenna element to be served by one or more of the plurality of transmit antenna elements during a first time slot in response to a determination that a measurement that represents a spatial orthogonality between the respective receive antenna element and one or more spatial elements of one or more other receive antenna elements in the plurality selected to be served by one or more of the plurality of transmit antenna elements satisfies a threshold value.