Articles including glass and/or glass-ceramics and methods of making the same
A glass-ceramic includes a silicate-containing glass and crystals within the silicate-containing glass. The crystals include non-stoichiometric tungsten and/or molybdenum sub-oxides, and the crystals are intercalated with dopant cations.
1. A glass-ceramic, comprising:
an amorphous phase comprising a silicate glass; and
a crystalline phase comprising precipitates of formula M x WO 3 and/or M x MoO 3 , where 0<x<1 and M is a dopant cation.
2. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the precipitates have a length of from about 1 nm to about 200 nm as measured by Electron Microscopy.
3. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the precipitates of the crystalline phase are homogenously distributed within the glass-ceramic.
4. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the glass-ceramic has transmittance of about 5%/mm or greater over at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in a range from about 400 nm to about 700 nm.
5. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the dopant cation is H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Ag, Au, Cu, Sn, Cd, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, U, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Pd, Se, Ta, Bi, and/or Ce.
6. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 , wherein at least some of the precipitates are at a depth of greater than about 10 μm from a surface of the glass-ceramic.
7. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the precipitates have a rod or needle morphology.
8. The glass-ceramic of claim 1 , wherein volume fraction of the crystalline phase in the glass-ceramic is from about 0.001% to about 20%.
9. A glass-ceramic, comprising:
an amorphous phase comprising a silicate glass; and
a crystalline phase of formula M x WO 3 and/or M x MoO 3 , where 0<x<1 and M is a dopant cation, wherein volume fraction of the crystalline phase in the glass-ceramic is from about 0.001% to about 20%,
wherein the precipitates have a rod or needle morphology, and
wherein the precipitates have a length of from about 1 nm to about 200 nm as measured by Electron Microscopy,
wherein the precipitates are homogenously distributed within the glass-ceramic such that the precipitates of the crystalline phase of formula M x WO 3 and/or M x MoO 3 are present from a surface of the glass-ceramic and throughout a bulk of the glass-ceramic.
10. The glass-ceramic of claim 9 , having transmittance of about 1%/mm or greater over at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in a range from about 400 nm to about 700 nm.
11. The glass-ceramic of claim 10 , having absorption of at least 90%/mm for light in at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum.
12. The glass-ceramic of claim 10 , having absorption of at least 90%/mm for light in at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in the near-infrared region of the spectrum.
13. A glass-ceramic, comprising:
an amorphous phase comprising a silicate glass; and
a crystalline phase comprising precipitates of formula M x WO 3 and/or M x MoO 3 , where 0<x<1 and M is an alkali metal cation.
14. The glass-ceramic of claim 13 , wherein the precipitates have a length of from about 1 nm to about 200 nm as measured by Electron Microscopy.
15. The glass-ceramic of claim 13 , wherein the precipitates are homogenously distributed within the glass-ceramic such that the precipitates of the crystalline phase of formula M x WO 3 and/or M x MoO 3 are present from a surface of the glass-ceramic and throughout a bulk of the glass-ceramic.
16. The glass-ceramic of claim 13 , wherein the precipitates have a rod or needle morphology.
17. The glass-ceramic of claim 13 , wherein volume fraction of the crystalline phase in the glass-ceramic is from about 0.001% to about 20%.
18. The glass-ceramic of claim 13 , wherein the glass-ceramic has transmittance of about 1%/mm or greater over at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in a range from about 400 nm to about 700 nm.
19. The glass-ceramic of claim 18 , having absorption of at least 90%/mm for light in at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum.
20. The glass-ceramic of claim 18 , having absorption of at least 90%/mm for light in at least one 50 nm-wide wavelength band of light in the near-infrared region of the spectrum.