Combined thermal energy storage and heat exchanger unit
The invention provides a method for storing heat and continuously generating electricity, the method comprising a phase change material; first fluid conduit in thermal communication with the phase change material wherein the first conduit is adapted to receive a first fluid; a second fluid conduit in thermal communication with the phase change material, wherein the second conduit is adapted to receive a second fluid; and a turbine in thermal communication with the second fluid. Also provided is a method for continuously charging the energy power block portion of a combined thermal energy storage and heat exchanger unit with heated fluid generated by concentrated solar power, the method comprising intermittently storing heat in a phase change material; and continually directing the heat from the phase change material to a turbine such that the phase change material buffers the turbine against inconsistent solar heat inputs.
1. A system for storing heat and simultaneously transferring heat from a first fluid to a second fluid, the system comprising:
a) a phase change material;
b) a module comprising a first fluid conduit in thermal communication with the phase change material and adapted to receive the first fluid wherein the first conduit is adapted to intermittently transfer heat to and from the phase change material;
c) a second fluid conduit enveloping the phase change material and adapted to receive the second fluid to enable heat to be continuously transferred from the phase change material to the second fluid wherein the first fluid conduit and the second conduit are separate to prevent fluid communication between the first and second conduit; and
d) a load continuously receiving heat from the second fluid.
2. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first conduit and the second conduit are in thermal communication with each other.
3. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the phase change material is positioned between the first conduit and the second conduit so as to be in thermal communication with each conduit.
4. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first fluid and the second fluid are comprised of the same material.
5. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the phase change material thermally buffers heat transfer to the second fluid.
6. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the phase change material is homogeneously mixed with foam having a porosity of between about 80 percent and 90 percent to create a composite.
7. The system as recited in claim 6 wherein the composite comprises about 80 percent to about 90 percent by volume of phase change material.
8. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the material exhibits a latent heat of fusion of about 100 to 400 kJ/kg.
9. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the first fluid conduit is adapted to receive heat exchange liquid from a concentrated solar energy source and the second fluid conduit is adapted to receive heat exchange gas.
10. The system as recited in claim 9 wherein the heat exchange gas is in thermal communication with an electric power block for generating electricity.
11. The system as recited in claim 10 wherein the power block includes a turbine and electric generator.
12. The system as recited in claim 1 wherein the second conduit defines an annular space surrounding the phase change material.