Process for warm forming a hardened aluminum alloy
Described are processes for shaping a hardened heat treatable, age-hardenable aluminum alloys, such as hardened 2XXX, 6XXX and 7XXX aluminum alloys, or articles made from such alloys, including aluminum alloy sheets. The processes involve heating the article, which may be in a form of a sheet or a blank, before and/or concurrently with a forming step. In some examples, the alloy is heated to a specified temperature in the range of 125-425° C. at a specified heating rate within the range of about 3-200° C./s, for example, 3-90° C./s or 90-150° C./s. Such a combination of the temperature and the heating rate can result in an advantageous combination of article properties.
1. An aluminum alloy, comprising Si: 0.4-1.5 wt. %, Mg: 0.3-1.5 wt. %, Cu: 0-1.5 wt. %, Mn: 0-0.40 wt. %, Cr: 0-0.30 wt. %, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and Al,
wherein the aluminum alloy exhibits a stamping draw depth of at least 40 mm and an engineering stress of at least 150 MPa when measured at a temperature from 300° C. to 500° C., and
wherein the aluminum alloy is in a T5, T6, or T61 temper before and after a warm forming process used to shape the aluminum alloy.
2. The aluminum alloy of claim 1 , comprising Si: 0.5-1.4 wt. %, Mg: 0.4-1.4 wt. %, Cu: 0-1.4 wt. %, Mn: 0-0.35 wt. %, Cr: 0-0.25 wt. %, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and Al.
3. The aluminum alloy of claim 1 , comprising Si: 0.6-1.3 wt. %, Mg: 0.5-1.3 wt. %, Cu: 0-1.3 wt. %, Mn: 0-0.30 wt. %, Cr: 0-0.2 wt. %, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and Al.
4. The aluminum alloy of claim 1 , comprising Si: 0.7-1.2 wt. %, Mg: 0.6-1.2 wt. %, Cu: 0-1.2 wt. %, Mn: 0-0.25 wt. %, Cr: 0-0.15 wt. %, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and Al.
5. The aluminum alloy of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum alloy is an age-hardenable, heat treatable aluminum alloy.
6. The aluminum alloy of claim 5 , wherein the age-hardenable, heat treatable aluminum alloy is a 2XXX series aluminum alloy, a 6XXX series aluminum alloy, or a 7XXX series aluminum alloy.
7. An aluminum alloy article comprising the aluminum alloy of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum alloy article is a sheet or a blank.
8. A shaped aluminum alloy article comprising the aluminum alloy of claim 1 .
9. The shaped aluminum alloy article of claim 8 , wherein the shaped aluminum alloy article has an ultimate tensile strength of at least 200 MPa.
10. The shaped aluminum alloy article of claim 8 , wherein the shaped aluminum alloy article has an ultimate tensile strength of 200 MPa to 275 MPa.
11. The shaped aluminum alloy article of claim 8 , wherein the shaped aluminum alloy article has a two-dimensional shape.
12. The shaped aluminum alloy article of claim 8 , wherein the shaped aluminum alloy article has a three-dimensional shape.
13. The shaped aluminum alloy article of claim 8 , wherein the shaped aluminum alloy article is a motor vehicle panel or a motor vehicle structural part.
14. The shaped aluminum alloy article of claim 8 , wherein the shaped aluminum alloy article is an airplane skin panel or an airplane structural member.
15. The shaped aluminum alloy article of claim 8 , wherein the shaped aluminum alloy article is a boat panel or a boat structural part.
16. The shaped aluminum alloy article of claim 8 , wherein the shaped aluminum alloy article is a spacecraft panel or a spacecraft structural member.