Determining occurrence of focal and/or rotor arrhythmogenic activity in cardiac tissue regions

1. A method, comprising:

receiving, in a processor, a two-dimensional (2D) electroanatomical (EA) map of an interior surface of at least a portion of a cavity of an organ of a patient, the 2D EA map comprising electrophysiological (EP) values measured at respective locations on the interior surface;

fitting a complex analytic function to a set of the EP values that were measured in a given region of the 2D EA map;

identifying a singularity in the fitted complex analytic function, wherein identifying the singularity comprises calculating one or more residues of the complex analytic function in the given region;

projecting the region onto a three-dimensional (3D) EA map of the interior surface; and

presenting at least part of the 3D EA map to a user, including indicating an arrhythmogenic EP activity at a location on the 3D EA map corresponding to the singularity identified in the fitted complex analytic function.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein identifying the singularity comprises identifying a focal singularity, and wherein indicating the arrhythmogenic EP activity comprises indicating a focal arrhythmogenic EP activity.

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein identifying the singularity comprises identifying a rotor singularity, and wherein indicating the arrhythmogenic EP activity comprises indicating a rotor arrhythmogenic EP activity.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein identifying the singularity and presenting the arrhythmogenic EP activity comprise distinguishing between a focal arrhythmogenic EP activity and a rotor arrhythmogenic EP activity.

5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein receiving the 2D map EA map comprises receiving a 2D EA map projected from a respective 3D EP map using a predefined coordinate transformation.

6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the measured EP values comprise local activation time (LAT) values.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the measured EP values comprise voltages.

8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more residues are indicative of one or more focal sources.

9. A system, comprising:

a memory, configured to store a two-dimensional (2D) electroanatomical (EA) map of an interior surface of at least a portion of a cavity of an organ of a patient, the 2D EA map comprising electrophysiological (EP) values measured at respective locations on the interior surface; and

a processor, configured to:

fit a complex analytic function to a set of EP values that were measured in a given region of the 2D EA map;

identify a singularity in the fitted complex analytic function, wherein the processor is configured to identify the singularity by calculating one or more residues of the complex analytic function in the given region;

project the region onto a three-dimensional (3D) EA map of the interior surface; and

present at least part of the 3D EA map to a user, including indicating an arrhythmogenic EP activity at a location on the 3D EA map corresponding to the singularity identified in the fitted complex analytic function.

10. The system according to claim 9 , wherein the processor is configured to identify the singularity by identifying a focal singularity, and to indicate a focal arrhythmogenic EP activity to the user.

11. The system according to claim 9 , wherein the processor is configured to identify the singularity by identifying a rotor singularity, and to indicate a rotor arrhythmogenic EP activity to the user.

12. The system according to claim 9 , wherein the processor is configured to identify the singularity and present the arrhythmogenic EP activity by distinguishing between a focal arrhythmogenic EP activity and a rotor arrhythmogenic EP activity.

13. The system according to claim 9 , wherein the processor is further configured to project the 3D EP map into a respective 2D map EA map using a predefined coordinate transformation.

14. The system according to claim 9 , wherein the one or more residues are indicative of one or more focal sources.

15. A method, comprising:

receiving, in a processor, a two-dimensional (2D) electroanatomical (EA) map of an interior surface of at least a portion of a cavity of an organ of a patient, the 2D EA map comprising electrophysiological (EP) values measured at respective locations on the interior surface;

fitting a complex analytic function to a set of the EP values that were measured in a given region of the 2D EA map;

identifying a singularity in the fitted complex analytic function, wherein identifying the singularity comprises calculating one or more residues of a directional derivative of the complex analytic function along a curve encircling the given region;

projecting the region onto a three-dimensional (3D) EA map of the interior surface; and

presenting at least part of the 3D EA map to a user, including indicating an arrhythmogenic EP activity at a location on the 3D EA map corresponding to the singularity identified in the fitted complex analytic function.

16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the one or more residues are indicative of one or more rotor circuits.

17. A system, comprising:

a memory, configured to store a two-dimensional (2D) electroanatomical (EA) map of an interior surface of at least a portion of a cavity of an organ of a patient, the 2D EA map comprising electrophysiological (EP) values measured at respective locations on the interior surface; and

a processor, configured to:

fit a complex analytic function to a set of EP values that were measured in a given region of the 2D EA map;

identify a singularity in the fitted complex analytic function, wherein the processor is configured to identify the singularity by calculating one or more residues of a directional derivative of the complex analytic function along a curve encircling the given region;

project the region onto a three-dimensional (3D) EA map of the interior surface; and

present at least part of the 3D EA map to a user, including indicating an arrhythmogenic EP activity at a location on the 3D EA map corresponding to the singularity identified in the fitted complex analytic function.

18. The system according to claim 17 , wherein the one or more residues are indicative of one or more rotor circuits.