Method and apparatus to account for transponder tagged objects used during medical procedures

1. A system to account for medical procedure objects, the system comprising:

a plurality of sterile fields, each of the sterile fields encompassing an area that excludes any portion of a body of a patient on which a medical procedure is performed;

a first plurality of antennas communicatively coupled to at least one receiver, the first plurality of antennas and the at least one receiver providing a range that is about coextensive with the plurality of sterile fields and which range does not extend into any portion of the body of the patient when the patient is supported by a patient support structure during the medical procedure;

a second plurality of antennas, also coupled to the at least one receiver, the second plurality of antennas and the at least one receiver configured to monitor a volume of medical procedure objects including portions of the body of the patient; and

a control subsystem including at least one processor and at least one processor-readable storage medium, the control subsystem configured to:

at least proximate a start of a medical procedure on a patient, automatically detect each of a number of medical procedure objects for performing the medical procedure within any of the sterile fields; and

at least proximate an end of the medical procedure on the patient, automatically determine whether each of the number of medical procedure objects detected within any of the sterile fields at least proximate the start of the medical procedure are present in at least one sterile field of the plurality of sterile fields or at least one non-sterile field.

2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

at least one transmitter communicatively coupled to the first plurality of antennas to transmit an interrogation signal to any transponders in the plurality of sterile fields.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sterile fields are coextensive with at least a portion of a back table, a supply table, and an instrument table.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein one of the plurality of sterile fields is coextensive with a portable instrument tray and at least one of the plurality of antennas is physically coupled to the portable instrument tray.

5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a plurality of substrates, each of the substrates carrying at least a respective one of the first plurality of antennas, the plurality of substrates positionable with respect to a respective one of each of the plurality of sterile fields such that a range of the at least respective one of the plurality of antennas covers the respective sterile field.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one receiver includes a plurality of receivers, each of at least some of the plurality of receivers physically coupled to a respective one of the substrates.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one receiver includes a plurality of receivers, each of at least some of the plurality of receivers physically housed in a controller console, at least some of the first plurality of antennas remotely located from the control console and communicatively coupled to respective ones of the plurality of receivers via a respective wired connection.

8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

at least one transmitter and receiver; and

at least one antenna that is a part of a handheld wand, the at least one antenna communicatively coupleable to the at least one transmitter and receiver to transmitting interrogation signals and receive response signals in a random orientation.

9. The system of claim 8 wherein the control subsystem is further configured to cause interrogation signals to be transmitted and to read identifiers encoded in response signals received from transponders in response to the interrogation signals.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein the control subsystem is further configured to:

each time one of the medical procedure objects is removed from the at least one sterile field, identify the removed medical procedure object as checked out in a database; and

each time the medical procedure object is returned to the at least one sterile field or to the at least one non-sterile field, identify the returned medical procedure object as checked-in in the database.

11. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a third plurality of antennas communicatively coupled via at least one universal serial bus communications link to the control subsystem, at least some of the third plurality of antennas located at least proximate respective ones of the sterile fields.

12. The system of claim 1 wherein the control subsystem is resident in a console and is configured by an application program loaded in response to communicative coupling of a reader to the console.

13. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

a plurality of readers communicatively coupled to the console and positioned at least proximate respective ones of the sterile fields and the non-sterile field, the readers including at least one of radio frequency identification readers or machine-readable symbol readers.

14. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:

at least one cover sized to completely cover at least one of the first plurality of antennas, the cover comprising a material that is capable of withstanding sterilization.