Electromagnetic mode change of peripheral interface wheel
A user input device including a rotary input control having a wheel and an electropermanent magnet (EPM) assembly, the EPM assembly comprising a permanent magnet and a magnetizing assembly configured to control a polarization of the permanent magnet to transition the electropermanent magnet assembly from a first state in which the EPM assembly applies a first resistance profile to the wheel and a second state in which the EPM assembly applies a second resistance profile to the wheel. The EPM assembly includes magnetically conductive members positioned at opposing ends of the electropermanent magnet, each magnetically conductive member comprising a respective plurality of teeth protruding radially toward the wheel, and each of the magnetically conductive members comprising a respective magnetic pole depending on a polarized state of the EPM assembly.
1. A user input device, comprising:
a rotary input control, comprising:
a wheel; and
an electropermanent magnet (EPM) assembly, comprising:
a permanent magnet; and
a magnetizing assembly configured to control a polarization of the permanent magnet to transition the electropermanent magnet assembly from a first state in which the EPM assembly applies a first resistance profile to the wheel and a second state in which the EPM assembly applies a second resistance profile to the wheel; and,
magnetically conductive members positioned at opposing ends of the electropermanent magnet, each magnetically conductive member comprising a respective plurality of teeth protruding radially toward the wheel, and wherein each of the magnetically conductive members comprises a respective magnetic pole depending on a polarized state of the EPM assembly.
2. The user input device as recited in claim 1 wherein the wheel defines a central opening within which the electropermanent magnet assembly is disposed and wherein the wheel comprises a second plurality of teeth protruding from the wheel and toward the EPM assembly.
3. The user input device as recited in claim 2 wherein the first resistance profile is a ratcheting resistance profile generated by a magnetic flux emitted by the permanent magnet that flows through the plurality of teeth of the magnetically conductive members to interact with corresponding ones of the second plurality of teeth protruding from the wheel.
4. The user input device as recited in claim 2 wherein the permanent magnet is a first permanent magnet and the electropermanent magnet assembly further comprises a second permanent magnet, the first and second permanent magnets being aligned and cooperating with the magnetically conductive members to form a magnetic circuit.
5. The user input device as recited in claim 4 further comprising a shaft that couples the electropermanent magnet assembly to the wheel enabling the wheel to rotate with respect to the electropermanent magnet assembly.
6. The user input device as recited in claim 1 wherein the first resistance profile applies a free-wheeling force to the wheel and the second resistance profile applies a ratcheting force to the wheel.
7. The user input device as recited in claim 1 wherein the first resistance profile is applied by interaction between a magnetic field emitted by the electropermanent magnet assembly and magnetically attractable materials of the wheel.
8. The user input device as recited in claim 1 wherein the user input device is a computer mouse and the wheel is a scroll wheel embedded within the computer mouse.
9. A method of changing a rotational resistance profile for a rotary input control on a user input device, the method comprising:
receiving an input signal indicating a selection of one of a plurality of rotational resistance profiles for the rotary input control that includes a first operational state and a second operational state;
in response to the received input signal corresponding to the selection of the first operational state, causing a magnetizing system to electromagnetically control a magnetic polarization of a permanent magnet of an electropermanent magnet (EPM) system to apply a first resistance profile to the rotary input control; and
in response to the received input signal corresponding to the selection of the second operational state, causing the magnetizing system to electromagnetically control the magnetic polarization of a permanent magnet of an electropermanent magnet (EPM) assembly to apply a second resistance profile to the rotary input control; and,
magnetically conductive members positioned at opposing ends of the electropermanent magnet, each magnetically conductive member comprising a respective plurality of teeth protruding radially toward the rotary input control, and wherein each of the magnetically conductive members comprises a respective magnetic pole depending on a polarized state of the EPM assembly.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the rotary input control defines a central opening within which the electropermanent magnet assembly is disposed and wherein the rotary input control includes a second plurality of teeth protruding from the rotary input control and toward the EPM assembly.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the first resistance profile is a ratcheting resistance profile generated by a magnetic flux emitted by the permanent magnet that flows through the plurality of teeth of the magnetically conductive members to interact with corresponding ones of the second plurality of teeth protruding from the rotary input control.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein the permanent magnet is a first permanent magnet and the electropermanent magnet assembly further comprises a second permanent magnet, the first and second permanent magnets being aligned and cooperating with the magnetically conductive members to form a magnetic circuit.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the user input device further comprises a shaft that couples the electropermanent magnet assembly to the rotary input control enabling the rotary input control to rotate with respect to the electropermanent magnet assembly.
14. The method of claim 9 wherein the first resistance profile applies a free-wheeling force to the rotary input control and the second resistance profile applies a ratcheting force to the rotary input control.
15. The method of claim 9 wherein the first resistance profile is applied by interaction between a magnetic field emitted by the electropermanent magnet assembly and magnetically attractable materials of the rotary input control.
16. The method of claim 9 wherein the user input device is a computer mouse and the rotary input control is a scroll wheel embedded within the computer mouse.
17. A computer mouse comprising:
a rotary input control, comprising: a wheel; and
an electropermanent magnet (EPM) assembly, comprising:
two or more permanent magnets; and
a magnetizing assembly configured to control a polarization of each of the two or more permanent magnets via an electrical current to transition the electropermanent magnet assembly between a plurality of operating states in which the EPM assembly is operable to apply any of a plurality of resistance profiles to the wheel based on how each of the two or more permanent magnets are polarized by the magnetizing assembly,
wherein the magnetizing assembly is operable to polarize each of the two or more permanent magnets such that each of the two or more permanent magnets either emits or does not emit a magnetic field; and
magnetically conductive members positioned at opposing ends of the electropermanent magnet assembly, each magnetically conductive member comprising a respective plurality of teeth protruding radially toward the wheel, and wherein each of the magnetically conductive members comprises a respective magnetic pole having a particular magnitude depending on a polarized state of the EPM assembly.