Circular RNA for translation in eukaryotic cells
Disclosed are methods and constructs for engineering circular RNA Disclosed is a vector for making circular RNA, said vector comprising the following elements operably connected to each other and arranged in the following sequence: a) a 5′ homology arm, b) a 3′ group I intron fragment containing a 3′ splice site dinucleotide, c) an optional 5′ spacer sequence, d) a protein coding or noncoding region, e) an optional 3′ spacer sequence, f) a 5′ Group I intron fragment containing a 5′ splice site dinucleotide, and g) a 3′ homology arm. This vector allows production of a circular RNA that is translatable or biologically active inside eukaryotic cells. In one embodiment, the vector can comprise the 5′ spacer sequence, but not the 3′ spacer sequence. In yet another embodiment, the vector can also comprise the 3′ spacer sequence, but not the 5′ spacer sequence.
1. A vector for making circular RNA, said vector comprising the following elements arranged in the following sequence:
a) a 5′ homology arm,
b) a 3′ Group I intron fragment containing a 3′ splice site dinucleotide,
c) an internal ribosome entry site (IRES),
d) a protein coding region,
e) a 5′ Group I intron fragment containing a 5′ splice site dinucleotide, and
f) a 3′ homology arm,
wherein said vector allows production of a circular RNA that is translatable or biologically active inside eukaryotic cells.
2. The vector of claim 1 , wherein the 3′ Group I intron fragment and the 5′ Group I intron fragment are from a Cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. pre-tRNA-Leu gene.
3. The vector of claim 1 , wherein the 3′ Group I intron fragment and the 5′ Group I intron fragment are from a T4 phage Td gene.
4. The vector of claim 1 , wherein the IRES is selected from an IRES sequence from a virus or a gene selected from the group consisting of: Taura syndrome virus, Triatoma virus, Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus, simian Virus 40, Solenopsis invicta virus 1, Rhopalosiphum padi virus, Reticuloendotheliosis virus, human poliovirus 1, Plautia stall intestine virus, Kashmir bee virus, Human rhinovirus 2, Homalodisca coagulata virus-1, Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1, Homalodisca coagulata virus-1, Himetobi P virus, Hepatitis C virus, Hepatitis A virus, Hepatitis GB virus, foot and mouth disease virus, Human enterovirus 71, Equine rhinitis virus, Ectropis obliqua picoma-like virus, Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), Drosophila C Virus, Crucifer tobamo virus, Cricket paralysis virus, Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, Black Queen Cell Virus, Aphid lethal paralysis virus, Avian encephalomyelitis virus, Acute bee paralysis virus, Hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus, Classical swine fever virus, Human fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), Human surfactant protein A1 (SFTPA1), Human acute myeloid leukemia protein 1/runt-related transcription factor 1 (AML1/RUNX1), Drosophila antennapedia, Human aquaporin-4 (AQP4), Human type-1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1R), Human BCL2 associated athanogene 1 (BAG-1), Human B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), Human binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP), Human inhibitor of apoptosis family protein 1 (c-IAP1), Human c-myc, Human eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 G (eIF4G), Mouse N-deacetylase and N-sulfotransferase 4 (NDST4L), Human lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (LEF1), Mouse hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1 alpha), Human n.myc, Mouse glial and testis-specific homeobox protein (Gtx), Human cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27kip1), Human platelet-derived growth factor B/human homolog of the simian sarcoma virus (PDGF2/c-sis), Human p53, Human Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (Pim-1), Mouse RNA-binding protein 3 (Rbm3), Drosophila reaper, Canine Scamper, Drosophila Ultrabithorax (Ubx), Salivirus, Cosavirus, Parechovirus, Human upstream of N-ras (UNR), Mouse utrophin A (UtrA), Human vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), Human X-linked inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein (XIAP), Drosophila hairless, S. cerevisiae transcription factor II D (TFIID), S. cerevisiae Yes1 Associated Transcriptional Regulator (YAP1), Human proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (c-src), Human fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1), Simian picomavirus, Turnip crinkle virus, Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and Coxsackievirus A (CVB1/2).
5. The vector of claim 1 , wherein the protein coding region encodes a human protein.
6. The vector of claim 1 , further comprising an RNA polymerase promoter.
7. The vector of claim 1 , wherein the protein coding region encodes a therapeutic protein, a chimeric antigen receptor, an antibody or a bispecific antibody.
8. The vector of claim 1 , wherein the elements are operably connected to each other.
9. The vector of claim 1 , wherein:
a) the 5′ homology arm is 5-50 nucleotides in length,
b) the 3′ homology arm is 5-50 nucleotides in length, or both a) and b).
10. The vector of claim 1 , said vector comprising the following elements arranged in the following sequence:
a) the 5′ homology arm,
b) the 3′ Group I intron fragment containing the 3′ splice site dinucleotide,
c) a 5′ spacer sequence,
d) the IRES,
e) the protein coding region,
f) a 3′ spacer sequence,
g) the 5′ Group I intron fragment containing the 5′ splice site dinucleotide, and
h) the 3′ homology arm.
11. The vector of claim 10 , wherein:
a) the 5′ spacer sequence is at least 10 nucleotides in length,
b) the 3′ spacer sequence is at least 10 nucleotides in length, or both a) and b).
12. The vector of claim 10 , wherein:
a) the 5′ spacer sequence is a polyA sequence,
b) the 3′ spacer sequence is a polyA sequence, or both a) and b).
13. The vector of claim 10 , wherein:
a) the 5′ spacer sequence is a polyA-C sequence,
b) the 3′ spacer sequence is a polyA-C sequence, or both a) and b).