LNG tank and operation of the same
Disclosed is a liquefied natural gas storage apparatus. The apparatus includes a heat insulated tank and liquefied natural gas contained in the tank. The tank has heat insulation sufficient to maintain liquefied natural gas therein such that most of the liquefied natural gas stays in liquid. The contained liquefied natural gas has a vapor pressure from about 0.3 bar to about 2 bar. The apparatus further includes a safety valve configured to release a part of liquefied natural gas contained in the tank when a vapor pressure of liquefied natural gas within the tank becomes higher than a cut-off pressure. The cut-off pressure is from about 0.3 bar to about 2 bar.
1. A method of operating an LNG tank ship, the method comprising:
providing an LNG tank ship comprising:
a membrane-type LNG tank comprising a thermal insulation wall and a membrane;
LNG and boil-off gas of the LNG contained in the membrane-type LNG tank; and
a safety valve connected to and for the membrane-type LNG tank for releasing LNG boil-off gas therefrom when vapor pressure within the membrane-type LNG tank exceeds a cut-off pressure, wherein the cut-off pressure of the safety valve for the membrane-type LNG tank is within a range between 0.7 bar (gauge pressure) and 3 bar (gauge pressure),
loading LNG to the membrane-type LNG tank of the LNG tank ship at a loading pressure;
subsequent to loading, letting vapor pressure inside the membrane-type LNG tank increase without processing boil-off gas of the LNG for controlling the vapor pressure under a target pressure; and
subsequently, unloading the LNG to an LNG-receiving tank that is located outside the LNG tank ship and is capable of receiving the LNG at the increased pressure.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LNG-receiving tank is located at a receiving place that is not equipped with an LNG re-condenser for processing the unloaded LNG.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein, when the LNG-receiving tank requires a pressure higher than the vapor pressure inside the membrane-type LNG tank, the vapor pressure of the LNG from the membrane-type tank is increased such that the LNG unloaded to the LNG-receiving tank matches the higher pressure requirement of the LNG-receiving tank.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein vapor pressure inside the LNG-receiving tank corresponds to the vapor pressure of the membrane-type LNG tank.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LNG-receiving tank is capable of receiving the LNG at an unloading pressure between 1 bar (gauge pressure) and 3 bar (gauge pressure).
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LNG tank ship is not equipped with an LNG-consuming propulsion engine configured to consume LNG boil-off gas from the membrane-type LNG tank,
wherein in the absence of such an LNG-consuming propulsion engine, the LNG tank ship is configured to permit the vapor pressure within the membrane-type LNG tank to increase to a level between 0.7 bar (gauge pressure) and 3 bar (gauge pressure),
wherein the LNG-receiving tank located outside the LNG tank ship is capable of receiving the LNG at an unloading pressure between 1 bar (gauge pressure) and 3 bar (gauge pressure).
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the LNG tank ship is not equipped with a GCU, an LNG liquefaction system, an LNG-consuming boiler or an LNG-consuming gas turbine.